18th Century Geniuses

Brilliant minds born in the 18th century

216 Geniuses

18th Century Geniuses

Explore 216 geniuses born in the 18th Century (1700–1799), a transformative era in human knowledge and achievement.

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
1749–1832 · Germany
Faust
IQ 200
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Pierre-Simon Laplace
1749–1827 · France
Predicting the existence of black holes
IQ 195
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Baron d'Holbach
1723–1789 · Germany
IQ 190
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Carl Friedrich Gauss
1777–1855 · Germany
Gaussian elimination, also known as "row reduction" or "Gaussian method" • Gauss–Jordan elimination
IQ 190
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Joseph-Louis Lagrange
1736–1813 · Italy
Analytical mechanics, celestial mechanics, mathematical analysis, number theory, theory of equations
IQ 190
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Leonhard Euler
1707–1783 · Switzerland
See full list
IQ 190
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Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot
1796–1832 · France
Carnot cycle • Carnot efficiency • Carnot theorem • Carnot heat engine
IQ 190
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Arthur Schopenhauer
1788–1860 · Germany
The World as Will and Representation (1818)
IQ 185
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Auguste Comte
1798–1857 · France
Formulating the doctrine of positivism.
IQ 185
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Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
1775–1854 · Germany
Naturphilosophie
IQ 185
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Humphry Davy
1778–1829 · United Kingdom
Electrolysis, aluminium, sodium, potassium, calcium, strontium, magnesium, barium, boron, Davy lamp
IQ 185
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Immanuel Kant
1724–1804 · Germany
Critique of Pure Reason
IQ 185
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Jean-Baptiste-Claude Delisle de Sales
1741–1816 · France
The Philosophy of Nature: Treatise on Human Moral Nature
IQ 185
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Jean le Rond d'Alembert
1717–1783 · France
D'Alembert criterion • D'Alembert force • D'Alembert's form of the principle of virtual work
IQ 185
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Percy Bysshe Shelley
1792–1822 · England
"Ozymandias" (1818), "Ode to the West Wind" (1819), "To a Skylark" (1820), and “The Mask of Anarchy”
IQ 185
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Roger Joseph Boscovich
1711–1787 · Croatia
Precursor of the atomic theoryFounder of Brera Observatory
IQ 185
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Thomas Young
1773–1829 · United Kingdom
Wave theory of light • Double-slit experiment • Astigmatism • Young–Dupré equation • Young–Helmholtz
IQ 185
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Alexander von Humboldt
1769–1859 · Germany
Biogeography, Kosmos (1845–1862), Humboldt Current, magnetic storm, Humboldtian science, Berlin Roma
IQ 180
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André-Marie Ampère
1775–1836 · France
Ampère's circuital law • Ampère's force law • Ampère's right hand grip rule • Avogadro-Ampère hypoth
IQ 180
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Antoine Lavoisier
1743–1794 · France
Combustion • Identified oxygen • Identified hydrogen • Stoichiometry
IQ 180
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Augustin-Jean Fresnel
1788–1827 · France
His research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light.
IQ 180
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Barthold Georg Niebuhr
1776–1831 · Denmark
Germany's leading historian of Ancient Rome, Father of modern scholarly historiography.
IQ 180
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Benjamin Franklin
1706–1790 · United States
Being the founding father of the USA • Shaping the understanding of electricity • Inventing the ligh
IQ 180
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Carl Linnaeus
1707–1778 · Sweden
Binomial nomenclature Scientific classification Taxonomy
IQ 180
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David Hume
1711–1776 · Scotland
His highly influential system of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism
IQ 180
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Denis Diderot
1713–1784 · France
La Religieuse
IQ 180
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Edward Gibbon
1737–1794 · United Kingdom
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
IQ 180
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Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
1772–1844 · France
Philosophie anatomique
IQ 180
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George Green
1793–1841 · United Kingdom
Green measure • Green's function • Green's identities • Green's law • Green's matrix • Green's theor
IQ 180
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Giacomo Leopardi
1798–1837 · Italy
The Idilli
IQ 180
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Hans Christian Ørsted
1777–1851 · Netherlands
Discovery of electromagnetism and Aluminium
IQ 180
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Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux
1778–1868 · United Kingdom
Playing a prominent role in passing the 1832 Reform Act and 1833 Slavery Abolition Act.
IQ 180
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Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau
1749–1791 · France
A leader of the early stages of the French Revolution
IQ 180
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James Madison
1751–1836 · United States
Being the drafter of the US constitution.
IQ 180
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Jean Sylvain Bailly
1736–1793 · France
Being a political leader of the early part of the French Revolution
IQ 180
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau
1712–1778 · Switzerland
Discourse on Inequality and The Social Contract
IQ 180
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Joseph Fourier
1768–1830 · France
Fourier number • Fourier series • Fourier transform • Fourier's law of conduction • Fourier–Motzkin
IQ 180
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Jeremy Bentham
1748–1832 · United Kingdom
Being the founder of modern utilitarianism
IQ 180
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Jöns Jacob Berzelius
1779–1848 · Sweden
Atomic weights and Chemical notation
IQ 180
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Lord Byron
1788–1824 · England
Don Juan and Childe Harold's Pilgrimage
IQ 180
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Ludwig van Beethoven
1770–1827 · Germany
IQ 180
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Marquis de Condorcet
1743–1794 · France
Girondin constitutional project and Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Min
IQ 180
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Mary Somerville
1780–1872 · United Kingdom
Self-taught mathematician and polymath; bestselling popularizer of science; acclaimed for her transl
IQ 180
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Napoleon Bonaparte
1769–1821 · France
Military genius • First emperor of france • conqueror
IQ 180
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Thomas Paine
1737–1809 · United Kingdom
Common Sense (1776) and The American Crisis (1776–1783
IQ 180
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Torbern Bergman
1735–1784 · Sweden
Chemical affinity tables
IQ 180
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William Pitt the Younger
1759–1806 · United Kingdom
Becoming the youngest prime minister of Great Britain in 1783 at the age of 24
IQ 180
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Adolphe Quetelet
1796–1874 · Belgium
First to apply the statistical normal distribution to characteristics of human populations • Introdu
IQ 175
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Adrien Marie Legendre
1752–1833 · France
Legendre transformation, Legendre polynomials, Legendre transform, Elliptic functions
IQ 175
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Albrecht von Haller
1708–1777 · SZ
Being the father of modern physiology
IQ 175
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Alessandro Volta
1745–1827 · Italy
Invention of the electric cell • Discovery of methane • Volt • Voltage • Voltmeter
IQ 175
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Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon
1707–1788 · France
Histoire Naturelle
IQ 175
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George Stephenson
1781–1848 · England
'Stephenson gauge
IQ 175
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Germaine de Staël
1766–1817 · France
Delphine (1802) • Corinne (1807) • De l'Allemagne (1813)
IQ 175
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James Thomson (poet, born 1700)
1700–1748 · Scotland
Writing the lyrics for the song "Rule, Britannia!".
IQ 175
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Jean-François Champollion
1790–1832 · France
Decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs
IQ 175
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John Witherspoon
1723–1794 · United States
Being a Founding Father of the United States.
IQ 175
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John Adams
1735–1826 · United States
Being the 2nd president of the United States
IQ 175
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Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
1778–1850 · France
Gay-Lussac's law
IQ 175
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Luigi Galvani
1737–1798 · Italy
Bioelectricity (animal electricity)
IQ 175
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Xavier Bichat
1771–1802 · France
The concept of tissue
IQ 175
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Mary Shelley
1797–1851
IQ 175
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Michael Faraday
1791–1867 · England
Faraday's law of induction • Faraday effect • Faraday cage • Faraday constant • Faraday cup • Farada
IQ 175
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Robert Peel
1788–1850 · United Kingdom
IQ 175
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Robert Taylor
1784–1844 · England
IQ 175
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Samuel Taylor Coleridge
1772–1834 · England
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Kubla Khan, Christabel, Conversation poems, Biographia Literaria
IQ 175
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Wilhelm von Humboldt
1767–1835 · Germany
Founding the Humboldt University of Berlin
IQ 175
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William Whewell
1794–1866 · United Kingdom
Coining the words scientist and physicist
IQ 175
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Adam Smith
1723–1790 · United Kingdom
Invisible hand theory, The Wealth of Nations and The Theory of Moral Sentiments
IQ 170
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Anne Robert Jacques Turgot
1727–1781 · France
Being an early advocate for economic liberalism.
IQ 170
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August von Kotzebue
1761–1819 · Germany
IQ 170
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Benjamin Constant
1767–1830 · Switzerland
Principes de Politique Applicables a Tous les Gouvernements (1810)Adolphe (1816)De la religion consi
IQ 170
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Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
1736–1806 · France
Coulomb's law
IQ 170
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Charles Babbage
1791–1871 · United Kingdom
Originating the concept of a digital programmable computer.
IQ 170
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Constantin François de Chassebœuf, comte de Volney
1757–1820 · France
The Ruins: a Survey of the Revolutions of Empires (1791)
IQ 170
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Friedrich August Wolf
1759–1824 · Germany
German classicist; noted as founder of modern philology;
IQ 170
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Georg Christoph Lichtenberg
1742–1799 · Germany
Discovery of tree-like electrical discharge patterns now called Lichtenberg figures.
IQ 170
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
1770–1831 · Germany
Phenomenology of Spirit
IQ 170
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Georges Cuvier
1769–1832 · France
Establishing the fields of stratigraphy and comparative anatomy, and the principle of faunal success
IQ 170
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Hugues Felicité Robert de Lamennais
1782–1854 · France
One of the most influential intellectuals of Restoration France
IQ 170
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Jean-Paul Marat
1743–1793 · France
French politial theorist, physician, and scientist; did 166 experiments on fire and 214 on electrici
IQ 170
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John Quincy Adams
1767–1848 · United States
Son of John Adams (2nd president); his grandson was Henry Adams, the leading social Newton
IQ 170
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Julien Offray de La Mettrie
1709–1751 · France
Machine Man
IQ 170
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Lazare Carnot
1753–1823 · France
Founder of the Ecole Polytechnique; father to Sadi Carnot, initiator of thermodynamics.
IQ 170
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Maximilien Robespierre
1758–1794 · France
Playing an important part in the agitation which brought about the fall of the French monarchy on 10
IQ 170
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Novalis
1772–1801 · Germany
Hymns to the Night and The Novices at Sais
IQ 170
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Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud
1753–1793 · France
French lawyer, statesman, and revolutionist.
IQ 170
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Robert Southey
1774–1843 · England
English romantic poet
IQ 170
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Thomas Chatterton
1752–1770 · United Kingdom
Committed suicide age 17
IQ 170
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Thomas Chalmers
1780–1847 · Scotland
On political economy
IQ 170
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Washington Irving
1783–1859 · United States
IQ 170
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Sir William Hamilton, 9th Baronet
1788–1856 · United Kingdom
Lectures on Metaphysics and Logic
IQ 170
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William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham
1708–1778 · United Kingdom
Serving as Prime Minister of Great Britain
IQ 170
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1756–1791 · Austria
Serenade No. 13 “Eine kleine Nachtmusik”, Requiem, The Magic Flute, Clarinet Concerto and Symphony N
IQ 170
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Daniel Webster
1782–1852 · United States
American politician, orator, and lawyer.
IQ 165
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Marquis de Sade
1740–1814 · France
IQ 165
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Edward Jenner
1749–1823 · United Kingdom
Smallpox vaccine and Vaccination
IQ 165
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François Guizot
1787–1874 · France
French historian, orator, and statesman.
IQ 165
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William Herschel
1738–1822 · Germany
Discovery of Uranus
IQ 165
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Frederick the Great
1712–1786 · Germany
Prussian king, from 1740 to 1786
IQ 165
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George Canning
1770–1827 · United Kingdom
IQ 165
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Heinrich Heine
1797–1856 · Germany
Reisebilder • Germany. A Winter's Tale • Atta Troll • Romanzero
IQ 165
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Henri de Saint-Simon
1760–1825 · France
Saint-Simonianism
IQ 165
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Henry Fielding
1707–1754 · United Kingdom
IQ 165
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James Watt
1736–1819 · Scotland
Watt steam engine
IQ 165
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Johann Gottlieb Fichte
1762–1814 · Germany
Founding the philosophical movement known as German idealism,
IQ 165
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Johann Joachim Winckelmann
1717–1768 · Germany
Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums (The History of Art in Antiquity; 1764)
IQ 165
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Johann Gottfried Herder
1744–1803 · Germany
Volksgeist
IQ 165
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Joseph Fouché
1759–1820 · France
French statesman and Napoleon-siding revolutionist.
IQ 165
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Joseph Priestley
1733–1804 · England
Discovery of oxygen (O2) and nine other gases (including carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), n
IQ 165
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Carl Maria von Weber
1786–1826 · Germany
German composer; creator of the romantic opera.
IQ 165
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Moses Mendelssohn
1729–1786 · Germany
Haskalah
IQ 165
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Pierre Beaumarchais
1732–1799 · France
Le Barbier de Séville, Le Mariage de Figaro, and La Mère coupable
IQ 165
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Richard Brinsley Sheridan
1751–1816 · Ireland
IQ 165
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Samuel Johnson
1709–1784 · England
A Dictionary of the English Language • A Journey to the Western Isles of Scotland
IQ 165
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Walter Scott
1771–1832 · Scotland
Ivanhoe, Rob Roy, Waverley, Old Mortality, The Heart of Mid-Lothian and The Bride of Lammermoor,
IQ 165
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Warren Hastings
1732–1818 · United Kingdom
British statesman and general governor of India.
IQ 165
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William Robertson (historian)
1721–1793 · United Kingdom
Principal of the University of Edinburgh;Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
IQ 165
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William Wordsworth
1770–1850 · United Kingdom
Lyrical Ballads
IQ 165
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Adolphe Thiers
1797–1877 · France
IQ 160
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Alphonse de Lamartine
1790–1869 · France
Graziella (1852)
IQ 160
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André Marie Jean Jacques Dupin
1783–1865 · France
Serving in as President of the Chamber of Deputies for 7 years.
IQ 160
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Antonio Canova
1757–1822 · Italy
Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss • The Three Graces • Napoleon as Mars • the Peacemaker • Venus Victri
IQ 160
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Augustin-Louis Cauchy
1789–1857 · France
Binet–Cauchy identity • Bolzano–Cauchy theorem • Cauchy's argument principle • Cauchy–Binet formula
IQ 160
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Charles-Guillaume Étienne
1778–1845 · France
Coining the phrase "If you want something done right, do it yourself"
IQ 160
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Christoph Martin Wieland
1733–1813 · Germany
Oberon and Bildungsroman
IQ 160
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Claude Adrien Helvétius
1715–1771 · France
On Mind
IQ 160
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François-René de Chateaubriand
1768–1848 · France
Atala • Génie du christianisme • René • Mémoires d'Outre-Tombe
IQ 160
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Joseph Haydn
1732–1809 · Austria
Austrian composer.
IQ 160
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Friedrich Schleiermacher
1768–1834 · Germany
His attempt to reconcile the criticisms of the Enlightenment with traditional Protestant Christianit
IQ 160
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George Grote
1794–1871 · United Kingdom
History of Greece
IQ 160
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Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
1729–1781 · Germany
Miss Sara Sampson; Emilia Galotti; Minna von Barnhelm; Nathan the Wise; Laocoön; Hamburg Dramaturgy
IQ 160
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Jacob Grimm
1785–1863 · Germany
Being the editor of Grimm's Fairy Tales.
IQ 160
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John Hunter (surgeon)
1728–1793 · Scotland
Scientific method in medicineMany discoveries in surgery and medicine
IQ 160
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John Wesley
1703–1791 · England
Creating the Methodism movement.
IQ 160
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Joseph Marie Jacquard
1752–1834 · France
Programmable loom
IQ 160
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Mary Wollstonecraft
1759–1797
IQ 160
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Vittorio Alfieri
1749–1803 · Italy
Cleopatra
IQ 160
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William Ellery Channing
1780–1842 · United States
American Unitarian preacher.
IQ 160
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William Godwin
1756–1836 · United Kingdom
Things as They Are; or, The Adventures of Caleb Williams
IQ 160
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William Cowper
1731–1800 · United Kingdom
Light Shining out of Darkness
IQ 160
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Alexander Hamilton
1755–1804 · United States
Being one of the founding fathers of the USA.
IQ 155
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Charles James Fox
1749–1806 · United Kingdom
Being in the British Parliament for 38 years
IQ 155
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Daniel O'Connell
1775–1847 · Ireland
Catholic emancipation of 1829
IQ 155
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Georges Danton
1759–1794 · France
Being a leading figure in the early stages of the French Revolution
IQ 155
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Giacomo Casanova
1725–1798 · Italy
Histoire de ma vie (Story of My Life)
IQ 155
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Honoré de Balzac
1799–1850 · France
La Comédie humaine
IQ 155
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Jacques Necker
1732–1804 · France
Playing a key role in French history before and during the first period of the French Revolution
IQ 155
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Ludwig Tieck
1773–1853 · Germany
IQ 155
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Pierre-Jean de Béranger
1780–1857 · France
"The old flag", 1820
IQ 155
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Robert Fulton
1765–1815 · United States
Steamboat, Nautilus (1800 submarine)
IQ 155
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Simón Bolívar
1783–1830 · VE
IQ 155
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Thomas Carlyle
1795–1881 · Scotland
Sartor Resartus • The French Revolution: A History • On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and The Heroic in Hist
IQ 155
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Thomas Moore
1779–1852 · Ireland
"The Minstrel Boy" • "The Last Rose of Summer" • Memoirs of Captain Rock
IQ 155
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William Blake
1757–1827 · United Kingdom
Songs of Innocence and of Experience, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, The Four Zoas, Jerusalem, Mil
IQ 155
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William H. Prescott
1796–1859 · United States
The History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic (1837), The History of the Conquest
IQ 155
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William Wilberforce
1759–1833 · United Kingdom
IQ 155
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Thomas Jefferson
1743–1826
3rd President of the United States, The principal author of the Declaration of Independence
IQ 154
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Auguste de Marmont
1774–1852 · France
IQ 150
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Charles Lyell
1797–1875 · United Kingdom
Uniformitarianism
IQ 150
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Georges-Louis Le Sage
1724–1803 · Switzerland
Hs theory of gravitation
IQ 150
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Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson
1758–1805 · United Kingdom
Naval victories, particularly during the Napoleonic Wars
IQ 150
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John Franklin
1786–1847 · United Kingdom
English naval officer.
IQ 150
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John Wilkes
1725–1797 · England
English politician, publicist, and political agitator.
IQ 150
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Jean-de-Dieu Soult
1769–1851 · France
Being one of only six officers in French history to receive the distinction of Marshal General of Fr
IQ 150
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Robert Burns
1759–1796 · Scotland
"Auld Lang Syne" "To a Mouse" "A Man's a Man for A' That" "Ae Fond Kiss" "Scots Wha Hae" "Tam O'Sha
IQ 150
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William Cobbett
1763–1835 · United Kingdom
Rural Rides
IQ 150
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Andrew Jackson
1767–1845 · United States
Being the 7th president of the United States.
IQ 145
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Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
1769–1852 · United Kingdom
Commanding forces during the battle of Waterloo.
IQ 145
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Christoph Willibald Gluck
1714–1787 · Germany
"Iphigénie en Tauride" (Iphigenia in Tauris) (1779)
IQ 145
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Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher
1742–1819 · Germany
Leading his army against Napoleon I at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813 and the Battle o
IQ 145
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Gioachino Rossini
1792–1868 · Italy
IQ 145
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Jean Victor Marie Moreau
1763–1813 · France
French general; helped Napoleon Bonaparte to power, but later became a rival and was banished to the
IQ 145
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Joshua Reynolds
1723–1792 · England
English portrait painter.
IQ 145
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Muhammad Ali of Egypt
1769–1849 · MK
Ottoman Albanian commander; became founder of modern Egypt.
IQ 145
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George Washington
1732–1799 · United States
Being the first president of the United States
IQ 140
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Charles XIV John
1763–1844 · Sweden
Being the first monarch of the Bernadotte dynasty.
IQ 140
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Robert Clive
1725–1774 · United Kingdom
English general and statesman.
IQ 140
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Alexander Pushkin
1799–1837 · Russia
Eugene Onegin, The Captain's Daughter, Boris Godunov, Ruslan and Ludmila.
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Ali Pasha of Ioannina
1740–1822 · AL
Being a ruthless ruler of the Ottoman Empire.
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Amedeo Avogadro
1776–1856 · Italy
Avogadro's lawAvogadro constant
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Augustin Pyramus de Candolle
1778–1841 · Switzerland
System of Taxonomy and Principle of "Nature's War"
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Caroline Herschel
1750–1848 · United Kingdom
Being the first woman to receive a salary as a scientist and to hold a government position in Englan
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Christian Charles Josias von Bunsen
1791–1860 · Germany
Christianity and Mankind
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Daniel Bernoulli
1700–1782 · Switzerland
Bernoulli's principle • Early kinetic theory of gases
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Edmund Burke
1729–1797 · Ireland
A Vindication of Natural Society • A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Subli
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Vilna Gaon
1720–1797 · BY
Committing the Tanakh to memory by the age of four
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Franz Mesmer
1734–1815 · Germany
Animal magnetism
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Franz Schubert
1797–1828 · Austria
"Erlkönig" (D. 328), the Piano Quintet in A major, D. 667 (Trout Quintet), the Symphony No. 8 in B m
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Friedrich Schiller
1759–1805 · Germany
The Robbers • Don Carlos • Wallenstein Trilogy • Mary Stuart • Ode to Joy • William Tell
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Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock
1724–1803 · Germany
Opening German literature up to exploration outside of French models
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Henry Cavendish
1731–1810 · United Kingdom
Discovery of hydrogen and Measuring the Earth's density
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James Hutton
1726–1797 · Scotland
Plutonic geologyDeep timeLive Earth
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James Cook
1728–1779 · United Kingdom
Achieving the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia
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Jane Marcet
1769–1858 · United Kingdom
Author of Conversations on Chemistry, a unique textbook for its time written for people with little
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Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
1744–1829 · France
Evolution; inheritance of acquired characteristics; Philosophie Zoologique
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John Dalton
1766–1844 · United Kingdom
Atomic theory, Law of Multiple Proportions, Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures, Daltonism
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John Herschel
1792–1871 · United Kingdom
The invention of photography
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John Michell
1724–1793 · United Kingdom
Predicting the existence of black holes, seismology, manufacture of magnets, mass of the Earth
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Joseph Henry
1797–1878 · United States
Electromagnetic induction, Inventor of a precursor to the electric doorbell and electric relay
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Martin Heinrich Klaproth
1743–1817 · Germany
Discovery of uranium, zirconium, and other elements
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Mary Anning
1799–1847 · United Kingdom
Ancient animals, fossils, and paleontology: discovered the first complete specimen of a plesiosaur;
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Niccolò Paganini
1782–1840 · Italy
Composed first opera at age eleven
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Nicolas Chamfort
1741–1794 · France
Epigrams and aphorisms
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Philippe Pinel
1745–1826 · France
Founding scientific psychiatry
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Sophie Germain
1776–1831 · France
Elasticity theory and number theory (e.g. Sophie Germain prime numbers)
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Victor Cousin
1792–1867 · France
Eclecticism
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William Cullen Bryant
1794–1878 · United States
"Thanatopsis"
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Émilie du Châtelet
1706–1749 · France
Translation of Newton's Principia into French, natural philosophy which combines Newtonian physics w
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André Masséna
1758–1817 · France
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François Arago
1786–1853 · France
Rotary polarization • Polarizer • Eddy currents • Fresnel–Arago laws • Arago spot • Arago's rotation
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Michel Ney
1769–1815 · France
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Oliver Goldsmith
1728–1774 · Ireland
The Vicar of Wakefield, "The Deserted Village", The Good-Natur'd Man, She Stoops to Conquer
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Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr
1764–1830 · France
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Joachim Murat
1767–1815 · France
French Revolutionary Wars
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Jane Austen
1775–1817 · England
Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814) and Emma (1816).
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