This essay examines the method of the French Doctrinaires by focusing primarily on the historical writings of their most prominent representative, François Guizot (1787–1874). After a brief introductory presentation of the Doctrinaires’ group, the essay discusses the role of historical studies during the Restoration and provides an in-depth analysis of the Doctrinaires’ historical and sociological mode of argument.

 Special emphasis is put on the Doctrinaires’ distinction between social and political condition. In order to illustrate the Doctrinaires’ method, the essay examines Guizot's nuanced analysis of modern egalitarian society to be found in his book On Death Penalty (1822).