Geniuses -

genius al-battani

Al-Battani

Nobody is known in Islam who reached similar perfection in observing the stars and scrutinizing their motions.

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genius al-battani

While al-Battani takes no critical attitude towards the Ptolemaic kinematics in general, he evidences ... a very sound scepticism in regard to Ptolemy's practical results.

genius al-battani

.. one of the famous observers and a leader in geometry, theoretical and practical astronomy, and astrology. He composed a work on astronomy, with tables, containing his own observations of the sun and moon and a more accurate description of their motions than that given in Ptolemy's "Almagest".