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64 GENIUSES

Die Größten Chemiker und die Welt der Moleküle

Chemistry is the translation layer between physics and life. The 64 chemists below cracked the code of matter — from atoms to proteins to DNA.

Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan

Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan

IQ 175

His 'three principles' theory of generalized chemical properties, one of which, sulphur representative of combustion, wa

Alessandro Volta

Alessandro Volta

IQ 175

An Italian physicist, chemist, and pioneer of electricity who is credited as the inventor of the electric battery.

Alfred Nobel

Alfred Nobel

A Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist who bequeathed his fortune to the Nobel Prize ins

Amedeo Avogadro

Amedeo Avogadro

An Italian scientist, most noted for his contribution to molecular theory.

Antoine Lavoisier

Antoine Lavoisier

IQ 180

A French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical revolution.

Antoine Arnauld

Antoine Arnauld

IQ 175

A French Roman Catholic theologian, philosopher and mathematician.

Daniel Sennert

Daniel Sennert

IQ 170

A renowned German physician and a prolific academic writer, especially in the field of alchemy or chemistry.

Democritus

Democritus

IQ 185

An Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher primarily remembered today for his formulation of an atomic theory of the univ

Dmitri Mendeleev

Dmitri Mendeleev

IQ 175

A genius Russian chemist and inventor best remembered for formulating the periodic table of elements.

Erwin Chargaff

Erwin Chargaff

An Austro-Hungarian-born American biochemist who discovered two rules that helped lead to the discovery of the double he

Frederick Sanger

Frederick Sanger

IQ 175

A genius British biochemist who discovered the structure of insulin and one two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry.

Frederick Rossini

Frederick Rossini

IQ 180

An American thermodynamicist noted for his work in chemical thermodynamics.

Fritz Albert Lipmann

Fritz Albert Lipmann

A German-American biochemist and a co-discoverer in 1945 of coenzyme A.

Georg Brandt

Georg Brandt

A genius Swedish chemist and mineralogist who discovered cobalt

Georg Ernst Stahl

Georg Ernst Stahl

IQ 170

A German chemist, physician, and philosopher whose works helped to explain the chemical processess.

George de Hevesy

George de Hevesy

A Hungarian radiochemist and Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate for the development of radioactive tracers to study chemi

George Wald

George Wald

An American scientist who studied pigments in the retina. His findings helped to determine how genetics influence the co

George Gore (electrochemist)

George Gore (electrochemist)

IQ 175

An English electrochemist whose research with phosphorus has led to the creation of matches.

Giulio Natta

Giulio Natta

An Italian chemist and Nobel laureate

Glenn T. Seaborg

Glenn T. Seaborg

An American chemist whose involvement in the synthesis, discovery and investigation of ten transuranium elements earned

Hans Christian Ørsted

Hans Christian Ørsted

IQ 180

A Danish physicist and chemist discovered that electric currents create magnetic fields

Harold Urey

Harold Urey

An American physical chemist whose pioneering work on isotopes earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1934 for the d

Hennig Brand

Hennig Brand

A German merchant, pharmacist and alchemist, who discoverer of the chemical element phosphorus

Henry Cavendish

Henry Cavendish

An English natural philosopher who discovered nitrogen

Herman Boerhaave

Herman Boerhaave

IQ 165

Dutch botanist, chemist, humanist, and physician referred to as "the father of physiology".

Hermann Staudinger

Hermann Staudinger

A German organic chemist who demonstrated the existence of macromolecules, which he characterized as polymers

Humphry Davy

Humphry Davy

IQ 185

Cornish chemist & inventor who invented the Davy lamp and a very early form of arc lamp.

Ilya Prigogine

Ilya Prigogine

IQ 170

A physical chemist and Nobel laureate noted for his work on dissipative structures, complex systems, and irreversibility

Irène Joliot-Curie

Irène Joliot-Curie

A French chemist, physicist, and politician who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935 for their discovery of

Isaac Asimov

Isaac Asimov

IQ 170

An American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University who is considered one of the most influential sci-

James Hutton

James Hutton

A Scottish geologist, agriculturalist, chemical manufacturer, naturalist and physician.

James Watt

James Watt

IQ 165

A Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who created the Watt steam engine in 1776

Jan Baptist van Helmont

Jan Baptist van Helmont

A chemist, physiologist, and physician who is considered as the founder of pneumatic chemistry.

Johann Joachim Becher

Johann Joachim Becher

IQ 170

A German physician, alchemist, precursor of chemistry, scholar and adventurer, best known for his development of the phl

John Dalton

John Dalton

Фn English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist best known for his research into colour blindness.

John Herschel

John Herschel

An English polymath, mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor, an experimental photographer who invented the bluepri

Jöns Jacob Berzelius

Jöns Jacob Berzelius

IQ 180

A Swedish chemist whos is considered to be one of the founders of modern chemistry.

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

IQ 175

A French chemist and physicist who discovered that water is made of two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.

Joseph Priestley

Joseph Priestley

IQ 165

An English chemist, natural philosopher, separatist theologian, grammarian who discovered oxygen in 1774.

Julius von Mayer

Julius von Mayer

IQ 180

A German physician, chemist and physicist and one of the founders of thermodynamics

Justus von Liebig

Justus von Liebig

IQ 175

A German scientist who is considered one of the principal founders of organic chemistry.

Lawrence Joseph Henderson

Lawrence Joseph Henderson

IQ 180

A physiologist, chemist, biologist, philosopher, and sociologist who was one of the leading biochemists of the early 20t

Linus Pauling

Linus Pauling

IQ 190

An American chemist, biochemist, chemical engineer, peace activist, author, and educator

Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur

IQ 175

A French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentatio

Marie Curie

Marie Curie

IQ 180

A Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity.

Martin Heinrich Klaproth

Martin Heinrich Klaproth

A German chemist whose shop became the second-largest apothecary in Berlin, and the best artisanal chemical research cen

Michael Faraday

Michael Faraday

IQ 175

An English scientist whose main discoveries include the principles underlying electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism an

Michael Kearney

Michael Kearney

IQ 200

An American college professor and game show contestant. He is known for setting several world records related to graduat

Robert Bunsen

Robert Bunsen

IQ 175

A German chemist who discovered caesium (in 1860) and rubidium (in 1861)

Robert Boyle

Robert Boyle

IQ 185

Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist & inventor

Rosalind Franklin

Rosalind Franklin

An English chemist and X-ray crystallographer whose work was central to the understanding of the molecular structures of

Stephanie Kwolek

Stephanie Kwolek

An American chemist who is known for inventing Kevlar.

Thomas Harriot

Thomas Harriot

An English astronomer, mathematician, ethnographer and translator to whom the theory of refraction is attributed

Torbern Bergman

Torbern Bergman

IQ 180

A Swedish chemist and mineralogist noted for his 1775 Dissertation on Elective Attractions

Walther Nernst

Walther Nernst

IQ 175

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Wilhelm Ostwald

Wilhelm Ostwald

IQ 190

A Baltic German chemist and philosopher who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909 for his scientific contributio

Josiah Willard Gibbs

Josiah Willard Gibbs

An American scientist who made significant theoretical contributions to physics, chemistry, and mathematics.

William Armstrong Fairburn

William Armstrong Fairburn

A noted American author, naval architect, marine engineer, industrial executive, and chemist.

Yeshayahu Leibowitz

Yeshayahu Leibowitz

Greatest Israeli philosopher

Tu Youyou

Tu Youyou

a Chinese pharmaceutical chemist and malariologist who discovered artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin, used to treat mala

Brielle Milla

Brielle Milla

IQ 160

Child prodigy which today works mainly with chemistry

Gitanjali Rao

Gitanjali Rao

Indian-American inventor & Child Prodigy

Tanishq Abraham

Tanishq Abraham

An American child prodigy and genius, who graduated college at the age of 14.

Elias James Corey

Elias James Corey

Retrosynthetic analysis

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Häufige Fragen

Who is the father of modern chemistry?

Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794) is universally called the father of modern chemistry for naming oxygen, disproving phlogiston, and writing the first modern chemistry textbook.

Who created the periodic table?

Dmitri Mendeleev published the periodic table in 1869, predicting elements that did not yet exist.

What did Marie Curie discover?

Marie Curie discovered polonium and radium and coined the term "radioactivity," winning Nobel Prizes in Physics (1903) and Chemistry (1911).

Who won the most chemistry Nobels?

Frederick Sanger is the only person to win two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry (1958 for insulin structure, 1980 for DNA sequencing).

What is Linus Pauling famous for?

Linus Pauling revolutionized understanding of chemical bonding and protein structure, winning the 1954 Chemistry Nobel.