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Jewish Geniuses Throughout History

Jewish intellectual tradition — rooted in Talmudic debate and textual scholarship — has produced a stunning concentration of geniuses per capita, especially in physics, mathematics, music, and film.

Aage Niels Bohr

Aage Niels Bohr

A Danish nuclear physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1975 with Ben Mottelson and James Rainwater

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein

IQ 160

Synonym for genius and one of humanity greatest scientific minds

Baruch Spinoza

Baruch Spinoza

IQ 175

A Dutch philosopher of Portuguese Sephardi origin.

Benjamin Disraeli

Benjamin Disraeli

IQ 165

Was twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

Charles-Valentin Alkan

Charles-Valentin Alkan

A French-Jewish composer and virtuoso pianist.

Edmund Husserl

Edmund Husserl

IQ 170

A German philosopher, known as the father of phenomenology - the philosophical study of the structures of experience an

Vilna Gaon

Vilna Gaon

A Talmudist, Halakhist, and Kabbalist who encouraged his students to study natural sciences, and even translated geometr

Erich Wolfgang Korngold

Erich Wolfgang Korngold

An Austrian-born American composer and conductor who became one of the most important and influential composers in Holly

Ethan Bortnick

Ethan Bortnick

An American pianist, singer, songwriter, record producer and musician who discovered a set of music skills when he was o

Franz Kafka

Franz Kafka

A genius Czech novelist known for the surreal subject of his novel "Metamorphosis".

Grigori Perelman

Grigori Perelman

Russian mathematician who is known for his contributions to the fields of geometric analysis, Riemannian geometry, and g

Hannah Arendt

Hannah Arendt

IQ 140

A German-born American political theorist who was an avid critic of totalitarian regimes, Nazism and Fascism in particul

Martha Argerich

Martha Argerich

Classical concert pianist who is widely considered one of the greatest pianists of all time.

Milton Friedman

Milton Friedman

IQ 155

An American economist who is widely regarded as one of the best economists of the 20th century by many

Maimonides

Maimonides

IQ 170

12th-century Sephardic Jewish rabbi & scholar who is considered to be the greatest Jewish scholar in the Second Milleniu

Moses Mendelssohn

Moses Mendelssohn

IQ 165

A German-Jewish philosopher to whose ideas the Haskalah, the 'Jewish Enlightenment' of the eighteenth and nineteenth cen

Richard G. Rosner

Richard G. Rosner

IQ 192

Is a writer and a TV personality from the US with an IQ of 192

Ruth Lawrence

Ruth Lawrence

A British–Israeli mathematician and an associate professor of mathematics at the Einstein Institute of Mathematics

Saul Kripke

Saul Kripke

An American philosopher and logician in the analytic tradition.

Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud

IQ 185

Psychoanalysis, including the theories of id, ego and super-ego, oedipus complex, repression, defense mechanism

Willem Klein

Willem Klein

IQ 145

A Dutch mathematician of Jewish ancestry, famous for being able to carry out very complicated calculations in his head v

William James Sidis

William James Sidis

IQ 250

American child prodigy

Yehudi Menuhin

Yehudi Menuhin

An American-born violinist and conductor who spent most of his performing career in Britain.

Yeshayahu Leibowitz

Yeshayahu Leibowitz

Greatest Israeli philosopher

Ariel Lanyi

Ariel Lanyi

Music Prodigy Pianist

Josephus

Josephus

A first-century Romano-Jewish historian who was born in Jerusalem

Sam Altman

Sam Altman

A leading figure in the artificial intelligence industry

L. L. Zamenhof

L. L. Zamenhof

Visionary creator of Esperanto, promoting global understanding

Elie Wiesel

Elie Wiesel

Holocaust survivor, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, and prolific author advocating for human rights.

J. Robert Oppenheimer

J. Robert Oppenheimer

Atomic bomb Oppenheimer–Snyder model Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit Oppenheimer–P

Abu Rayhan al-Biruni

Abu Rayhan al-Biruni

An Iranian scholar and polymath during the Islamic Golden Age.

Alan Guth

Alan Guth

An American theoretical physicist and cosmologist.

Alexander Hamilton

Alexander Hamilton

IQ 155

An American founding father and statesman

Alexander von Humboldt

Alexander von Humboldt

IQ 180

A German polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and proponent of Romantic philosophy and science.

Arthur Schopenhauer

Arthur Schopenhauer

IQ 185

a German philosopher best known for his 1818 work The World as Will and Representation (expanded in 1844).

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

IQ 145

An Anglo-Irish soldier and Tory statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Brit

Augustine of Hippo

Augustine of Hippo

IQ 180

A Catholic theologian, philosopher, Church Father, bishop and Christian saint

Averroes - Ibn Rushd

Averroes - Ibn Rushd

IQ 175

A Muslim Andalusi scholar and philosopher.

Ayn Rand

Ayn Rand

IQ 160

Russian-American writer and philosopher

George Bernard Shaw

George Bernard Shaw

IQ 180

Bernard Shaw was an Irish playwright, critic, polemicist and political activist known for writing Man and Superman (1902

Bobby Fischer

Bobby Fischer

An American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion.

Carl Sagan

Carl Sagan

IQ 130

American astrophysicist, cosmologist, author, and science educator

Carl Jung

Carl Jung

IQ 165

A Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology.

Charlemagne

Charlemagne

IQ 180

The King of the Franks, the King of the Lombards, and the Emperor of the Romans who united the majority of western and c

Charlie Spencer Chaplin

Charlie Spencer Chaplin

IQ 140

The Great Dictator (1940)
Modern Times (1936)
City Lights (1931)
The Kid (1921)

Christopher Hitchens

Christopher Hitchens

IQ 170

An English intellectual, polemicist, and socio-political critic, who expressed himself as an author, orator, essayist an

Claude Shannon

Claude Shannon

IQ 180

An American mathematician, electrical engineer, and cryptographer known as "the father of information theory".

Cleopatra

Cleopatra

Was queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, and its last active ruler.

Clive Staples Lewis

Clive Staples Lewis

IQ 150

A British writer and lay theologian best known for The Screwtape Letters, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Space Trilog

Daniel Barenboim

Daniel Barenboim

A pianist and conductor who is a citizen of Argentina, Israel, Palestine, and Spain who gave his first formal concert in

Daniel O'Connell

Daniel O'Connell

IQ 155

The acknowledged political leader of Ireland's Roman Catholic majority in the first half of the 19th century whose actio

David Hilbert

David Hilbert

A German mathematician and one of the most influential mathematicians of the 19th and early 20th centuries

David Strauss

David Strauss

IQ 170

A German liberal Protestant theologian and writer, who influenced Christian Europe with his portrayal of the "historical

Émile Durkheim

Émile Durkheim

IQ 170

A French sociologist who is considered to be the principal architect of modern social science along with Max Weber

Diego Velázquez

Diego Velázquez

IQ 170

A leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age whose most noticeable works include The Surrender of Breda and The Maids of H

Edward Witten

Edward Witten

An American mathematical and theoretical physicist who was awarded a Fields Medal for the proof of the positive energy t

Edward Gibbon

Edward Gibbon

IQ 180

Probably the greatest English historian of all times. Famous for his work The History of the Decline and Fall of the Rom

Elizabeth Blackwell

Elizabeth Blackwell

A British physician, notable as the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States.

Emmy Noether

Emmy Noether

A genius German mathematician who discovered Noether's theorem. Albert Einstein described her as the most important woma

Enrico Fermi

Enrico Fermi

IQ 190

An Italian physicist and the creator of the world's first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1. He is considered as the a

Erich Fromm

Erich Fromm

IQ 160

A German social psychologist, psychoanalyst, sociologist, humanistic philosopher, and democratic socialist. He was one o

Ernest Renan

Ernest Renan

IQ 170

A French Orientalist and Semitic scholar who wrote influential and pioneering historical works on the origins of early C

Ernst Haeckel

Ernst Haeckel

IQ 180

A genius German zoologist, naturalist, eugenicist, and philosopher who mapped a genealogical tree relating all life form

Erwin Chargaff

Erwin Chargaff

An Austro-Hungarian-born American biochemist who discovered two rules that helped lead to the discovery of the double he

Evgeny Kissin

Evgeny Kissin

A Russian concert pianist and composer who rose to international fame as a child prodigy. He is known interpretations of

Fabiano Caruana

Fabiano Caruana

An Italian and American chess player and chess prodigy. He became a grandmaster at the age of 14 years, 11 months, and 2

Felix Mendelssohn

Felix Mendelssohn

IQ 165

A German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early Romantic period best known for A Midsummer Night's Dream

Francis Galton

Francis Galton

IQ 145

An English Victorian era polymath who was proponent of social Darwinism, eugenics and scientific racism.

Francisco Suárez

Francisco Suárez

IQ 165

A Spanish Jesuit priest considered to be greatest scholastics after Thomas Aquinas

Voltaire

Voltaire

IQ 190

French writer, historian & philosopher who wrote more than 20,000 letters and 2,000 books and pamphlets.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin D. Roosevelt

IQ 151

An American politician who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.

Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor

IQ 175

13th century Hohenstaufen Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick the Great

Frederick the Great

IQ 165

A Prussian king and military leader who reorganized the Prussian armies and noted for his Silesian wars and the Partitio

Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Nietzsche

IQ 190

German philosopher cultural critic, poet, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on modern intellec

Fritz Albert Lipmann

Fritz Albert Lipmann

A German-American biochemist and a co-discoverer in 1945 of coenzyme A.

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Fyodor Dostoevsky

IQ 180

One of the greatest Russian authors of the 19th century whose works deal with human nature, religion, atheism, revolutio

Garry Kasparov

Garry Kasparov

IQ 190

A Russian chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion, writer, and political activist and commentator

George de Hevesy

George de Hevesy

A Hungarian radiochemist and Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate for the development of radioactive tracers to study chemi

George Wald

George Wald

An American scientist who studied pigments in the retina. His findings helped to determine how genetics influence the co

George Boole

George Boole

IQ 175

A largely self-taught English mathematician, philosopher, and logician who layed the foundations for the information age

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자주 묻는 질문

Why so many Jewish Nobel laureates?

Jews make up ~0.2% of the world's population but have won ~20% of Nobel Prizes — scholarly cultural emphasis on study and text analysis is the most-cited explanation.

Who are the greatest Jewish scientists?

Albert Einstein, John von Neumann, Niels Bohr, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Richard Feynman, and Murray Gell-Mann are the universally ranked greatest Jewish scientists.

Was Spinoza religious?

Baruch Spinoza was excommunicated from the Amsterdam Jewish community in 1656 for his pantheistic philosophy; he is considered the father of modern Biblical criticism.

Is Sigmund Freud considered a genius?

Freud's clinical conclusions are now largely rejected, but his invention of depth psychology and the conceptual vocabulary of the unconscious mark him as a genius of influence.

Who was Maimonides?

Maimonides (1135-1204) was the greatest medieval Jewish philosopher, author of The Guide for the Perplexed and Mishneh Torah.