Abu Rayhan al-Biruni

An Iranian scholar and polymath during the Islamic Golden Age.

Alfred Russel Wallace

IQ 175

A British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, biologist and illustrator.

Carl Woese

Discovery of Archaea

Carl Linnaeus

IQ 180

A Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalized binomial nomenclature, the modern system of nami

Charles Nicolle

A French bacteriologist who received the Nobel Prize in Medicine

Charles Darwin

IQ 180

An English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.

Charles Scott Sherrington

IQ 180

An English neurophysiologist, histologist, bacteriologist, and a pathologist, Nobel laureate and president of the Royal

Claude Bernard

IQ 160

Physiology

Craig Venter

An American biotechnologist and businessman known for leading the first draft sequence of the human genome and assemblin

Daniel Sennert

IQ 170

A renowned German physician and a prolific academic writer, especially in the field of alchemy or chemistry.

Ernst Haeckel

IQ 180

A genius German zoologist, naturalist, eugenicist, and philosopher who mapped a genealogical tree relating all life form

Erwin Chargaff

An Austro-Hungarian-born American biochemist who discovered two rules that helped lead to the discovery of the double he

Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire

IQ 180

A genius French naturalist who established the principle of "unity of composition". He believed in the underlying unity

Frances Oldham Kelsey

A Canadian-born American pharmacologist and physician. Kelsey's career intersected with the passage of laws strengthenin

Francesco Redi

An Italian physician, naturalist, biologist and poet referred to as the founder of experimental biology, and as the fath

Francis Crick

IQ 173

A British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist best known for the discoveries concerning the molecular

Francis Galton

IQ 145

An English Victorian era polymath who was proponent of social Darwinism, eugenics and scientific racism.

Frederick Sanger

IQ 175

A genius British biochemist who discovered the structure of insulin and one two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry.

Fritz Albert Lipmann

A German-American biochemist and a co-discoverer in 1945 of coenzyme A.

Galen

IQ 170

A Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher in the Roman Empire.

George Washington Carver

an American agricultural scientist and inventor who was one of the first to recognize the problem of soil depletion and

George Wald

An American scientist who studied pigments in the retina. His findings helped to determine how genetics influence the co

Georges Cuvier

IQ 170

A French naturalist and zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology".

Gregor Mendel

IQ 165

A meteorologist, mathematician, biologist, Augustinian friar who gained posthumous recognition as the founder of the mod

Henry B. Guppy

A British surgeon, geologist, botanist and photographer who wrote extensively about the people of Solomon Islands.

Hippocrates

IQ 175

A Greek physician of Classical Greece, who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine

Howard Florey

An Australian pharmacologist and pathologist who shared the Nobel Prize for his role in the development of penicillin.

Jane Goodall

An English primatologist and anthropologist, most commonly known for her studies of chimpanzees.

Karl Landsteiner

An Austrian biologist, physician, and immunologist who distinguished the main blood groups in 1900.

Lawrence Joseph Henderson

IQ 180

A physiologist, chemist, biologist, philosopher, and sociologist who was one of the leading biochemists of the early 20t

Leonardo Da Vinci

IQ 200

Italian polymath of the High Renaissance who is widely considered one of the greatest minds and painters of all time

Linda B. Buck

An American biologist best known for her work on the olfactory system,

Linus Pauling

IQ 190

An American chemist, biochemist, chemical engineer, peace activist, author, and educator

Louis Pasteur

IQ 175

A French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentatio

Louis Agassiz

IQ 175

A Swiss-born American biologist and geologist who is recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history.

Ludwig Büchner

IQ 180

A German philosopher, physiologist and physician who became one of the exponents of 19th-century scientific materialism.

Marcello Malpighi

IQ 165

An Italian biologist and physician, who is referred to as the "Founder of microscopical anatomy, histology & Father of p

Marcus Terentius Varro

IQ 175

One of ancient Rome's greatest scholars and a prolific author

Xavier Bichat

IQ 175

French anatomist and pathologist, known as the father of modern histology

Maurice Wilkins

A New Zealand-born British biophysicist and Nobel laureate whose research spanned multiple areas of physics and biophysi

Nettie Stevens

An American geneticist who discovered sex chromosomes.

Nicolas Steno

A Danish scientist, a pioneer in both anatomy and geology who became a Catholic bishop in his later years.

Paul Broca

A French physician, anatomist and anthropologist. He is best known for his research on Broca's area, a region of the fro

Rachel Carson

An American marine biologist, author, and conservationist whose writings are credited with advancing the global environm

Robert Koch

IQ 155

A German physician and microbiologist regarded as one of the main founders of modern bacteriology.

Ronald Fisher

A British statistician, geneticist, and professor

Rudolf Virchow

A German physician, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist, writer, editor, and politician known as "the f

Santiago Ramón y Cajal

A Spanish neuroscientist, pathologist, and histologist who was the first person of Spanish origin to win the Noble Prize

Selman Waksman

Russian Empire-born Jewish-American inventor, biochemist, and microbiologist whose research led to the creation of the f

Sergei Winogradsky

A Russian microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist who pioneered the cycle-of-life concept.

Sho Yano

IQ 200

Is an American physician and former child prodigy with an estimated IQ of 200.

Stephen Jay Gould

An American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science.

Theophrastus

IQ 175

A Greek native of Eresos in Lesbos who was the successor to Aristotle in the Peripatetic school.

Thomas Henry Huxley

IQ 170

An English biologist and anthropologist known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy of Charles Darwin's theory of evolu

Wilder Penfield

IQ 170

An American-Canadian neurosurgeon whose works covered the fields of hallucinations, illusions, and déjà vu.

William Harvey

IQ 180

An English physician who made influential contributions in anatomy and physiology.

Theodor Schwann

IQ 182

A German physician and physiologist who extended the cell theory to animals.

Jason Padgett

An American mathematical genius, who acquired his skills after an accident.

Colin Carlson

A former child prodigy who won the Harry S. Truman Scholarship at 14, making national headlines.

Brittany Wenger

An American student who was the first-place winner of the Google Science Fair in 2012.

Jagadish Chandra Bose

A biologist, physicist, botanist, and writer considered to be the father of Bengali science fiction.

Esther Lederberg

An American microbiologist and a pioneer of bacterial genetics

Richard Dawkins

A British evolutionary biologist and author who is one of the most vocal proponents of atheism and theory of evolution.