Newton, Einstein, Feynman, Hawking — the physicists whose equations describe the universe from quark to cosmos.
60 GeniusesPhysics is the deepest science: it asks how reality works at the most fundamental level. The minds on this list answered questions that had puzzled humanity for millennia.
Newton gave us classical mechanics. Einstein gave us relativity. Heisenberg, Schrödinger and Dirac gave us quantum mechanics. Each shifted the foundations under our feet.
Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein are most commonly named the two greatest physicists in history. Newton created classical mechanics; Einstein replaced it with relativity at extreme scales.
Several physicists have IQ estimates above 190, including Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein, and Stephen Hawking. Modern testing was not used; estimates come from biographers and historians.
Over 220 Nobel Prizes in Physics have been awarded since 1901. Multiple physicists in this list are laureates.
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