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Joseph Fouché
Joseph Fouché
French statesman and Minister of Police under First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte
Robert Frost
Robert Frost
An American poet known for his realistic depictions of rural life and his command of American col...
Pietro Metastasio
Pietro Metastasio
An Italian poet and librettist, considered the most important writer of opera seria libretti.
Benjamin Constant
Benjamin Constant
A Swiss-French political activist and writer on political theory and religion.
Heat, work and subtle fluids: a commentary on Joule

Heat, work and subtle fluids: a commentary on Joule

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

James Joule played the major role in establishing the conservation of energy, or the first law of thermodynamics, as a universal, all-pervasive principle of physics. He was an experimentalist par excellence and his place in the development of thermodynamics is unarguable. This article discusses Joule's life and scientific work culminating in the 1850 paper, where he presented his detailed measurements of the mechanical equivalent of heat using his famous paddle-wheel apparatus. Joule's long series of experiments in the 1840s leading to his realisation that the conservation of en...

Heat, work and subtle fluids: a commentary on Joule Johann Joachim Becher and the Phlogiston Theory of Combustion Nathaniel Hawthorne and the Spirit of Science Einstein, Bohr and the war over quantum theory
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