The curtain of the Prague National Theatre remains the most significant legacy of Vojtěch Hynais, serving as a nationalist manifesto rendered in historical allegory. Created after the original building was destroyed by fire in 1881, the piece depicts Slavia receiving gifts from the nation and is widely regarded as the defining work of his career.
Formative Years and Education
Born in Vienna in 1854 to a Czech tailor, Hynais received his early education at home to avoid German schooling. He enrolled at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna in 1870, studying under Carl Wurzinger and August Eisenmenger before moving to Anselm Feuerbach’s school in 1873. Travel proved essential to his development, with journeys to Italy and Rome in 1874 and 1877 broadening his artistic perspective.
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Hynais lived in Paris between 1878 and 1893, training under Paul-Jacques-Aimé Baudry and Jean-Léon Gérôme. During this period, he established connections with figures such as Alfons Mucha and gained international recognition, securing an honorable mention at the 1885 Universal Exhibition of Fine Arts and a first-class medal at the 1889 World’s Fair. He also served as a graphics artist for the Sèvres porcelain firm from 1889 to 1892.
Contribution to Czech Nationalist Art
Part of the 'Generation of the National Theatre,' which included artists like Mikoláš Aleš and Václav Brožík, Hynais navigated complex criticisms regarding his Viennese influence. Despite skepticism, he produced significant historical and allegorical scenes for the Royal Lounge. His 1891 poster for the General Land Centennial Exhibition further cemented his status, utilizing distinctively Czech symbols that earned him widespread recognition.
Academic Career and Late Recognition
Appointed a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Prague in 1894, Hynais mentored a new generation of artists. His pedagogical influence extended to his collaborative work, including the 1900 ceiling painting for the Pantheon in the Royal State Museum, Prague. Throughout his later life, he received high honors, including an honorary professorship in 1924 and being named an Officer of the Légion d'honneur in 1923.
Fast facts
- Born: 1854, Vienna
- Died: 1925, Podolí
- Movement: Academic art
- Key associations: Vienna Secession founder
- Education: Academy of Fine Arts Vienna
- Notable honor: Officer of the Légion d'honneur
- Burial site: Vyšehrad cemetery
Questions readers ask
What is Vojtěch Hynais most known for?
He is primarily remembered for designing the curtain of the Prague National Theatre and his role in the 'Generation of the National Theatre'.
Where is Vojtěch Hynais buried?
He is buried at the Vyšehrad cemetery.
Achievements
- Movement: academic art
