The Daedongyeojido, a precise and expansive map of Korea, was published in 1861 by the geographer and cartographer Kim Jeong-ho. Born in Tosan County, Hwanghae, in 1804, Kim dedicated his career to the rigorous study of geography during the Joseon period. He remains a central figure in the history of Korean cartography, recognized for his methodological commitment to mapping the entire peninsula.
Cartographic Methodology
Kim Jeong-ho, also known by the art name Gosanja, researched his magnum opus by traveling across the Korean peninsula. His work involved extensive exploration of mountains and valleys to document geographical features accurately. This period of labor resulted in the Daedongyeojido, which served as a comprehensive representation of Korean territory. He collaborated with figures such as Choe Han-gi and Shin Hun to refine his geographic documentation. From the primary map, he also produced a single-sheet version titled the Daedongyeojijeondo.
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The details surrounding Kim’s life and death in 1866 remain a subject of historical analysis. A document from the Governor-General of Korea alleged that the regent Daewongun ordered Kim's imprisonment and the destruction of his maps, claiming the works contained sensitive national defense information. However, this narrative is largely dismissed by modern historians. The survival of original wood printing blocks at Soongsil University and Korea University contradicts the claim that the maps were destroyed. Consequently, the historical community often views the Governor-General’s document as a fabrication produced during the period of Japanese colonization.
Legacy
Kim Jeong-ho died in 1866 at the age of 62, following the release of a later version of his map. His influence on geography persists through the continued study of his cartographic techniques and the preservation of his printing blocks. In recognition of his contributions to the field, the asteroid 95016 Kimjeongho was named in his honor. His work remains a vital resource for understanding the historical geography of Korea.
Fast facts
- Born: 1804, Tosan County, Hwanghae
- Died: 1866
- Citizenship: Joseon
- Occupations: Writer, geographer, cartographer
- Notable work: Daedongyeojido (1861)
- Art name: Gosanja
- Asteroid namesake: 95016 Kimjeongho
Questions readers ask
What is the Daedongyeojido?
It is a comprehensive map of Korea published in 1861, compiled by Kim Jeong-ho through extensive field research.
Did the regent Daewongun destroy Kim's maps?
Evidence suggests this claim is a fabrication. The survival of original wood printing blocks at universities supports the conclusion that the maps were not destroyed.
Achievements
- Recorded as geographer, cartographer and writer
