The shortest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century, Bonar Law governed for a mere 211 days between 1922 and 1923. Born in the colony of New Brunswick in 1858, he moved to Scotland in 1870, eventually transitioning from a successful career in the iron industry to a prominent position at the heart of United Kingdom politics.
Early Life and Migration
Born in Rexton, Bonar Law spent his formative years in New Brunswick before relocating to Scotland at age twelve. He attended Gilbertfield House School and later the High School of Glasgow. Although he briefly engaged with the University of Glasgow, he left formal education at sixteen to pursue a commercial career. During his youth, he developed a significant aptitude for languages and became a dedicated amateur chess player, often challenging commuters during his daily travels.
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Law gained professional experience through the merchant bank Kidston & Sons before becoming the managing partner at William Jacks, an iron merchant firm. His success in the Glaswegian iron market provided the financial stability to transition into public life. He participated in the Glasgow Parliamentary Debating Association, which prepared him for his entry into the 29th Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1910.
Cabinet and Party Leadership
His political career accelerated after he joined the Privy Council. He served as the Secretary of State for the Colonies from 1915 to 1916 and held the role of Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1916 to 1919. As Leader of the Conservative Party between 1911 and 1921, he navigated complex national debates, including tariff reform and Irish Home Rule, and frequently served as the Leader of the House of Commons.
Premiership and Final Years
In 1922, Law attained the office of Prime Minister, leading the government through negotiations regarding war loans with the United States. His tenure was cut short by failing health; he resigned in May 1923 due to throat cancer. He died in London later that year and was buried at Westminster Abbey.
Fast facts
- Born: 1858, Rexton
- Died: 1923, London
- Citizenship: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
- Party Leadership: Conservative Party (1911-1921)
- Chancellor of the Exchequer: 1916-1919
- Burial site: Westminster Abbey
- Occupations: politician, chess player
Questions readers ask
How long was Bonar Law in office as Prime Minister?
He served for 211 days from 1922 to 1923.
What professional background did Law have before politics?
He was a successful iron merchant in Scotland and an amateur chess player.
Achievements
- Affiliated with University of Glasgow
- Educated at University of Glasgow
- Worked as politician and chess player