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People With the Highest IQs Ever Recorded

IQ is an imperfect metric but the most-studied measurement of raw cognitive ability. The page below collects the people with the highest documented or estimated IQs in history.

Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln

IQ 175

American statesman and lawyer who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 to 1865

Abu al Ala Al Ma'arri

Abu al Ala Al Ma'arri

IQ 178

Blind Arab philosopher, poet, and writer who Lived during the Islamic Golden Age

Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan

Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan

IQ 175

His ‘three principles’ theory of generalized chemical properties, one of which, sulphur representative of combustion, wa

Ada Lovelace

Ada Lovelace

IQ 160

English mathematician and writer, chiefly known for her work on Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine.

Adam Smith

Adam Smith

IQ 170

British economist, philosopher and author

Adolphe Quetelet

Adolphe Quetelet

IQ 175

Belgian astronomer, mathematician, statistician and sociologist.

Adolphe Thiers

Adolphe Thiers

IQ 160

A French statesman and historian.

Adragon Eastwood De Mello

Adragon Eastwood De Mello

IQ 185

Child prodigy who graduated from the University of California with a degree in computational mathematics in 1988, at age

Adrien Marie Legendre

Adrien Marie Legendre

IQ 175

A French mathematician who made numerous contributions to mathematics.

Aeschylus

Aeschylus

IQ 173

An ancient Greek tragedian

Arthur Conan Doyle

Arthur Conan Doyle

IQ 180

British detective fiction author

Ainan Celeste Cawley

Ainan Celeste Cawley

IQ 250

A Singaporean child prodigy

Akhenaten

Akhenaten

IQ 170

A 18th Dynasty pharaoh

Alan Turing

Alan Turing

IQ 185

An English mathematician, computer scientist, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher, and theoretical biologist.

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein

IQ 160

Synonym for genius and one of humanity greatest scientific minds

Albertus Magnus

Albertus Magnus

IQ 180

A 13th century German Dominican friar and saint

Albrecht von Haller

Albrecht von Haller

IQ 175

A Swiss anatomist, physiologist, naturalist, encyclopedist, bibliographer and poet who is often referred to as "the fath

Alessandro Volta

Alessandro Volta

IQ 175

An Italian physicist, chemist, and pioneer of electricity who is credited as the inventor of the electric battery.

Sandro Botticelli

Sandro Botticelli

IQ 160

An Italian painter of the Early Renaissance.

Alexander Graham Bell

Alexander Graham Bell

IQ 180

A scientist and inventor known for his work on the telephone

Alexander von Humboldt

Alexander von Humboldt

IQ 180

A German polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and proponent of Romantic philosophy and science.

Alexander Pope

Alexander Pope

IQ 180

Is one of the greatest English poets and the foremost poet of the early 18th century.

Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great

IQ 180

A king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty.

Alfred Wegener

Alfred Wegener

IQ 160

A German polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist.

Alfred J. Lotka

Alfred J. Lotka

IQ 185

A US mathematician, physical chemist, and statistician, famous for his work in population dynamics and energetics.

Alfred Russel Wallace

Alfred Russel Wallace

IQ 175

A British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, biologist and illustrator.

Ibn al-Haytham

Ibn al-Haytham

IQ 175

A Muslim Arab mathematician, astronomer, and physicist of the Islamic Golden Age who is referred to as the father of mod

Alphonse de Lamartine

Alphonse de Lamartine

IQ 160

A French author, poet and statesman.

Anaxagoras

Anaxagoras

IQ 180

Ancient Greek philosopher

Anaximander

Anaximander

IQ 180

A pre-Socratic Greek philosopher

André-Marie Ampère

André-Marie Ampère

IQ 180

A French physicist and mathematician who was one of the founders of the science of classical electromagnetism.

André Marie Jean Jacques Dupin

André Marie Jean Jacques Dupin

IQ 160

Serving in as President of the Chamber of Deputies for 7 years.

Andrew Carnegie

Andrew Carnegie

IQ 175

A Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist.

Anne Robert Jacques Turgot

Anne Robert Jacques Turgot

IQ 170

A French economist and statesman.

Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury

Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury

IQ 170

An English politician, philosopher, and writer.

Antoine Lavoisier

Antoine Lavoisier

IQ 180

A French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical revolution.

Antoine Arnauld

Antoine Arnauld

IQ 175

A French Roman Catholic theologian, philosopher and mathematician.

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

IQ 175

A Dutch businessman and scientist in the Golden Age of Dutch science and technology.

Antonio Canova

Antonio Canova

IQ 160

An Italian Neoclassical sculptor.

Archimedes

Archimedes

IQ 190

A Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer.

Aristarchus of Samos

Aristarchus of Samos

IQ 175

An ancient Greek astronomer and mathematician who presented the first known heliocentric model that placed the Sun at th

Aristotle

Aristotle

IQ 200

A Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece.

Arnold Sommerfeld

Arnold Sommerfeld

IQ 175

A German theoretical physicist who pioneered developments in atomic and quantum physics

Arthur Schopenhauer

Arthur Schopenhauer

IQ 185

a German philosopher best known for his 1818 work The World as Will and Representation (expanded in 1844).

Athanasius Kircher

Athanasius Kircher

IQ 190

A German Jesuit scholar and polymath who published around 40 major works.

August von Kotzebue

August von Kotzebue

IQ 170

A German dramatist and writer who also worked as a consul in Russia and Germany.

Auguste Comte

Auguste Comte

IQ 185

A French philosopher and writer who formulated the doctrine of positivism.

Augustin-Louis Cauchy

Augustin-Louis Cauchy

IQ 160

A French mathematician, engineer, and physicist who made pioneering contributions to several branches of mathematics.

Augustin-Jean Fresnel

Augustin-Jean Fresnel

IQ 180

A French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory

Augustine of Hippo

Augustine of Hippo

IQ 180

A Catholic theologian, philosopher, Church Father, bishop and Christian saint

Averroes - Ibn Rushd

Averroes - Ibn Rushd

IQ 175

A Muslim Andalusi scholar and philosopher.

Avicenna

Avicenna

IQ 180

A Medieval Persian polymath, physician and philosopher

Ayn Rand

Ayn Rand

IQ 160

Russian-American writer and philosopher

Baron d'Holbach

Baron d'Holbach

IQ 190

Barthold Georg Niebuhr

Barthold Georg Niebuhr

IQ 180

Danish–German statesman, banker, and historian who became Germany's leading historian

Baruch Spinoza

Baruch Spinoza

IQ 175

A Dutch philosopher of Portuguese Sephardi origin.

Bede

Bede

IQ 160

An English Benedictine monk at the monastery of St. Peter and its companion monastery of St. Paul.

Ben Jonson

Ben Jonson

IQ 170

An English playwright and poet best known for the satirical plays Every Man in His Humour (1598), Volpone, or The Fox (c

Benjamin Franklin

Benjamin Franklin

IQ 180

American polymath and a Founding Father of the United States.

Benjamin Constant

Benjamin Constant

IQ 170

A Swiss-French political activist and writer on political theory and religion.

Benjamin Disraeli

Benjamin Disraeli

IQ 165

Was twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

George Bernard Shaw

George Bernard Shaw

IQ 180

Bernard Shaw was an Irish playwright, critic, polemicist and political activist known for writing Man and Superman (1902

Bernhard Riemann

Bernhard Riemann

IQ 180

A German mathematician who made contributions to analysis, number theory, and differential geometry.

Bertrand Russell

Bertrand Russell

IQ 180

A British polymath, philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, social critic, political activist, and Nobe

Bill Gates

Bill Gates

IQ 160

An American business magnate, software developer, and philanthropist. The co-founder of Microsoft Corporation.

Blaise Pascal

Blaise Pascal

IQ 185

Pascal's law

Boethius

Boethius

IQ 175

A Roman senator, consul, magister officiorum, and philosopher of the early 6th century.

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon

IQ 175

French scientist & naturalist of the 18th century

Callimachus

Callimachus

IQ 165

Architect and sculptor working in the second half of the 5th century BC.

Cardinal Richelieu

Cardinal Richelieu

IQ 160

A French clergyman and statesman.

Carl Friedrich Gauss

Carl Friedrich Gauss

IQ 190

A German mathematician and physicist who made significant contributions to many fields in mathematics and science.

Carl Jung

Carl Jung

IQ 165

A Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology.

Carl Linnaeus

Carl Linnaeus

IQ 180

A Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalized binomial nomenclature, the modern system of nami

Charlemagne

Charlemagne

IQ 180

The King of the Franks, the King of the Lombards, and the Emperor of the Romans who united the majority of western and c

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb

IQ 170

Coulomb's law

Charles-Guillaume Étienne

Charles-Guillaume Étienne

IQ 160

A 19th-century French playwright.

Charles Babbage

Charles Babbage

IQ 170

A mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer.

Charles Sumner

Charles Sumner

IQ 160

An American statesman and United States Senator who was the leader of the Radical Republicans.

Charles Dickens

Charles Dickens

IQ 165

An English writer and social critic.

Charles Darwin

Charles Darwin

IQ 180

An English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Who has the highest IQ in the world?

William James Sidis is often cited with an estimated IQ of 250-300; Terence Tao scored 230 as a child; Marilyn vos Savant holds the Guinness record at 228.

Is an IQ of 160 rare?

An IQ of 160 puts a person in the top 0.003% — roughly 1 in 31,500 people.

Is Einstein smarter than Hawking?

Estimates place Einstein at IQ 160-190 and Hawking at 160; they worked in overlapping fields, so direct comparison is hard.

What is the Mensa cutoff?

Mensa admits people scoring in the top 2% of IQ tests — typically 130+ on the Stanford-Binet scale.

Does IQ measure genius?

IQ measures analytical reasoning speed. Creativity, persistence, and domain expertise all matter for real-world genius and are only partly captured by IQ.

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