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80 GENIUSES

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The United States has produced more Nobel laureates than any country (400+). The 216 profiles below built American science, industry, and culture — from the Founders through Silicon Valley.

Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln

IQ 175

American statesman and lawyer who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 to 1865

Adragon Eastwood De Mello

Adragon Eastwood De Mello

IQ 185

Child prodigy who graduated from the University of California with a degree in computational mathematics in 1988, at age

Alan Guth

Alan Guth

An American theoretical physicist and cosmologist.

Alexander Hamilton

Alexander Hamilton

IQ 155

An American founding father and statesman

Alfred J. Lotka

Alfred J. Lotka

IQ 185

A US mathematician, physical chemist, and statistician, famous for his work in population dynamics and energetics.

Alfred M. Mayer

Alfred M. Mayer

IQ 150

An American physicist.

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson

IQ 145

An American lawyer, soldier, and statesman who served as the seventh president of the United States from 1829 to 1837.

Andrew Carnegie

Andrew Carnegie

IQ 175

A Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist.

Arthur Compton

Arthur Compton

An American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1927 for his 1923 discovery of the Compton effect.

Awonder Liang

Awonder Liang

An American chess prodigy.

Barbara McClintock

Barbara McClintock

An American scientist and cytogeneticist.

Benjamin Franklin

Benjamin Franklin

IQ 180

American polymath and a Founding Father of the United States.

Bill Gates

Bill Gates

IQ 160

An American business magnate, software developer, and philanthropist. The co-founder of Microsoft Corporation.

Bobby Fischer

Bobby Fischer

An American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion.

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

An American psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, and social philosopher.

Carl David Anderson

Carl David Anderson

An American physicist best known for his discovery of the positron in 1932.

Carl Woese

Carl Woese

Discovery of Archaea

Carl Sagan

Carl Sagan

IQ 130

American astrophysicist, cosmologist, author, and science educator

Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin

Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin

A British-born American astronomer and astrophysicist who proposed in her 1925 doctoral thesis that stars were composed

Charles Sumner

Charles Sumner

IQ 160

An American statesman and United States Senator who was the leader of the Radical Republicans.

Charles H. Townes

Charles H. Townes

IQ 165

An American physicist who worked on the theory and application of the maser and laser devices.

Chris Hirata

Chris Hirata

IQ 225

An American cosmologist and astrophysicist.

Christopher Langan

Christopher Langan

IQ 174

An American autodidact described as "the smartest man in America"

Clarence Darrow

Clarence Darrow

An American lawyer who became famous in the early 20th century for his involvement in the Leopold and Loeb murder trial

Claude Shannon

Claude Shannon

IQ 180

An American mathematician, electrical engineer, and cryptographer known as "the father of information theory".

Craig Venter

Craig Venter

An American biotechnologist and businessman known for leading the first draft sequence of the human genome and assemblin

Daniel Webster

Daniel Webster

IQ 165

One of the most prominent American lawyers of the 19th century who worked on over 200 cases in the U.S. Supreme Court

Dariusz Świercz

Dariusz Świercz

A Polish-American chess player playing for the United States.

Donald Knuth

Donald Knuth

An American computer scientist who is called the "father of the analysis of algorithms" and is known for the work The Ar

Acharya S

Acharya S

IQ 160

An American genius writer supporting the theory that Jesus never existed as a historical person.

Edgar Allan Poe

Edgar Allan Poe

IQ 145

An American writer, poet, editor, and literary critic who is considered the inventor of the detective fiction and is kno

Edith Stern

Edith Stern

IQ 200

An American inventor and mathematician who holds over 100 US patents and was the youngest ever graduate of Florida Atlan

Edward Witten

Edward Witten

An American mathematical and theoretical physicist who was awarded a Fields Medal for the proof of the positive energy t

Edwin Hubble

Edwin Hubble

IQ 170

A genius American astronomer who played a crucial role in establishing the fields of extragalactic astronomy and observa

Emily Bear

Emily Bear

A genius American composer, pianist, songwriter and singer who started playing the piano and composing music as a small

Ernest Lawrence

Ernest Lawrence

A pioneering American nuclear scientist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1939 for his invention of the cyclot

Ernest Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway

IQ 170

An American novelist, short-story writer, journalist, and sportsman best known for his novels For Whom the Bell Tolls, A

Ethan Bortnick

Ethan Bortnick

An American pianist, singer, songwriter, record producer and musician who discovered a set of music skills when he was o

F. Scott Fitzgerald

F. Scott Fitzgerald

IQ 145

Is an American novelist and screenwriter known across the world for his novel The Great Gatsby.

Frank Drake

Frank Drake

IQ 140

An American astronomer and astrophysicist who was part of Project Ozma.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin D. Roosevelt

IQ 151

An American politician who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.

Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass

IQ 160

An American former slave, outspoken abolitionist and politician who was known for being able to peacefully debate with p

Frederick Rossini

Frederick Rossini

IQ 180

An American thermodynamicist noted for his work in chemical thermodynamics.

Eugene Merle Shoemaker

Eugene Merle Shoemaker

An American geologist whose ashes were carried to the Moon with the Lunar Prospector mission.

George Wald

George Wald

An American scientist who studied pigments in the retina. His findings helped to determine how genetics influence the co

George Washington

George Washington

IQ 140

Being the first president of the United States

Gilbert N. Lewis

Gilbert N. Lewis

IQ 195

Covalent bondLewis dot structuresValence bond theoryElectronic theory of acids and basesChemical thermodynamicsFugacityH

Glenn T. Seaborg

Glenn T. Seaborg

An American chemist whose involvement in the synthesis, discovery and investigation of ten transuranium elements earned

Grace Hopper

Grace Hopper

An American computer scientist and United States Navy rear admiral who was one of the first programmers of the Harvard M

Harold Urey

Harold Urey

An American physical chemist whose pioneering work on isotopes earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1934 for the d

Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Henrietta Swan Leavitt

An American astronomers who discover the relation between the luminosity and the period of Cepheid variables

Henry Ford

Henry Ford

IQ 165

An American industrialist, business magnate, and founder of the Ford Motor Company

Henry Adams

Henry Adams

IQ 195

American historian and member of the Adams political family, descended from two U.S. Presidents

Henry David Thoreau

Henry David Thoreau

IQ 160

An American naturalist, essayist, poet, and philosopher best known for his book Walden.

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

IQ 170

American poet and educator who was the first American to translate Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy

Norman Schwarzkopf Jr.

Norman Schwarzkopf Jr.

IQ 168

A United States Army general who led all coalition forces in the Gulf War.

Herman Hollerith

Herman Hollerith

IQ 170

An American businessman, inventor, and statistician who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine for punched ca

Howard Robard Hughes

Howard Robard Hughes

IQ 170

An American business magnate, investor, record-setting pilot, engineer, film director, and philanthropist who went mad b

Isaac Asimov

Isaac Asimov

IQ 170

An American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University who is considered one of the most influential sci-

J Harlen Bretz

J Harlen Bretz

An American geologist, best known for his research that led to the acceptance of the Missoula Floods

Jack Horner (paleontologist)

Jack Horner (paleontologist)

An American paleontologist most famous for discovering and naming Maiasaura

Jacob Barnett

Jacob Barnett

IQ 170

A gifted American physics student and former child prodigy.

James Madison

James Madison

IQ 180

An American statesman and Founding Father who drafted and promoted the Constitution of the United States.

Jay Gould

Jay Gould

IQ 145

An American railroad magnate and financial speculator who is generally identified as one of the Robber barons of the Gil

Jeffery Xiong

Jeffery Xiong

American chess prodigy

Jerry Newport

Jerry Newport

An author and public speaker whose life was the basis for the 2005 feature-length movie Mozart and the Whale

John H. Sununu

John H. Sununu

IQ 180

An American politician who was White House Chief of Staff under President George H. W. Bush.

John Dewey

John Dewey

IQ 170

An American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer who was one of the most prominent American scholars in t

John F. Kennedy

John F. Kennedy

IQ 155

An American politician who served as the 35th president of the United States from 1961 until his assassination near the

John Tukey

John Tukey

IQ 180

An American mathematician best known for development of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm and box plot.

John Quincy Adams

John Quincy Adams

IQ 170

An American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, and diarist who served as the sixth president of the United States.

John Witherspoon

John Witherspoon

IQ 175

A Scottish American Presbyterian minister and a Founding Father of the United States.

John Bardeen

John Bardeen

IQ 180

An American engineer and physicist. He is the only person to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice.

John Burroughs

John Burroughs

IQ 170

An American naturalist and nature essayist, active in the U.S. conservation movement.

John Forbes Nash Jr.

John Forbes Nash Jr.

IQ 180

An American mathematician who made fundamental contributions to game theory, differential geometry, and the study of par

John Adams

John Adams

IQ 175

An American statesman, attorney, diplomat, writer, and Founding Father who served as the second president of the United

Josef Hofmann

Josef Hofmann

Polish American pianist, composer, music teacher, and inventor

Joseph Henry

Joseph Henry

An American scientist who served as the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.

Joseph Leidy

Joseph Leidy

IQ 150

An American paleontologist, parasitologist and anatomist.

Kit Armstrong

Kit Armstrong

An American classical pianist, composer, and former child prodigy of British-Taiwanese parentage.

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الأسئلة الشائعة

Who is the greatest American genius?

Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Edison are the classical American geniuses; John von Neumann and Richard Feynman lead the modern list.

Which U.S. president was smartest?

Thomas Jefferson (IQ est. 160) and John Quincy Adams (IQ est. 175) are the most commonly named; some rankings put Lincoln at 150+.

Who is the most patented American?

Thomas Edison held 1,093 U.S. patents — the most of any American inventor in the 19th-20th century; modern holders like Kia Silverbrook have exceeded this.

Did Franklin invent electricity?

Franklin did not invent electricity — he proved lightning is electrical with the 1752 kite experiment and invented the lightning rod.

Who is the smartest person alive in America?

Terence Tao (IQ est. 230), Stephen Wolfram, and Ed Witten are among the most-cited living American geniuses.