The first woman to secure a Doctorate of Science from an Indian university, Asima Chatterjee advanced the frontiers of organic chemistry and phytomedicine throughout the twentieth century. Operating from Kolkata, she navigated a male-dominated academic landscape to isolate bioactive compounds, fundamentally shaping the study of medicinal plants and the development of essential pharmacological treatments.
Academic Foundation
Born in 1917 in Kolkata, Chatterjee pursued chemistry at a time when higher education for women was uncommon. She earned an honors degree from Scottish Church College in 1936, followed by a Master of Science in 1938 and a doctorate in 1944 from the University of Calcutta. During her doctoral studies, she collaborated with prominent figures including Prafulla Chandra Ray and Satyendra Nath Bose. Her post-doctoral journey included international research stints with Lásló Zechmeister at the University of Wisconsin and Caltech, focusing on biologically active alkaloids.
Twenty questions, eight minutes on the clock, and a percentile measured against everyone who has taken it. No sign-up.
Take the IQ test →Contributions to Phytochemistry
Chatterjee dedicated her career to the investigation of plant-derived compounds, particularly the indole alkaloids found in species such as Rauwolfia canescens and Rhazya stricta. Her systematic research led to the successful isolation of geissoschizine and the elucidation of complex chemical structures, including luvangetin. Beyond fundamental structural chemistry, she introduced the use of periodic acid as a diagnostic reagent for identifying double bonds in organic synthesis, enhancing the analytical capabilities of her peers.
Clinical Applications and Challenges
Despite significant resource constraints at the University of Calcutta, where she served as a Reader and later the Khaira Professor, Chatterjee translated laboratory research into clinical solutions. She developed anti-malarial agents and anti-epileptic drugs, most notably Ayush-56 derived from Marsilia minuta. Her extensive work on alkaloids also supported advancements in chemotherapy for cancer patients. Even after personal losses in 1967, she maintained her research focus for over four decades, demonstrating remarkable perseverance in the face of institutional and financial adversity.
Public Service and Recognition
In 1961, she became the first woman to receive the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology. Her professional standing was further marked by her election to the Indian National Science Academy and her role as General President of the Indian Science Congress Association. Between 1982 and 1990, she served as a member of the Rajya Sabha, appointed by the President of India. She was awarded the Padma Bhushan for her contributions to science and engineering before her death in 2006.
Fast facts
- Born: 1917, Kolkata
- Died: 2006, Kolkata
- Education: Scottish Church College; University of Calcutta
- First D.Sc. recipient among women in India
- Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize winner (1961)
- Padma Bhushan recipient
- Member of Rajya Sabha (1982–1990)
- Languages: Bangla
Questions readers ask
What were her primary scientific contributions?
She is recognized for her work on indole alkaloids, the synthesis of various complex organic compounds, and the development of anti-epileptic and anti-malarial drugs.
Was she involved in politics?
Yes, she served as a nominated member of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of India's parliament, from February 1982 to May 1990.
Achievements
- Affiliated with University of Calcutta
- Educated at University of Calcutta, Lady Brabourne College and Scottish Church College
- Worked as chemist, botanist and university teacher
.jpg)
