Agneta Matthes

Dutch entrepreneur (1847-1909)

Agnetapark in Delft, a model garden city constructed for workers, stands as a testament to the community-focused initiatives led by Agneta Matthes. Born in Amsterdam in 1847, she operated within the constraints of 19th-century Dutch law, often managing her business ventures under the formal authority of her husband, the industrialist Jacob Cornelis van Marken.

Early Life and Education

Agneta Wilhelmina Johanna Matthes was the daughter of an insurance agent named Jan Willem Frederik Matthes. Raised in upper middle-class surroundings, she received private instruction and attended a boarding school in Utrecht between 1862 and 1864. Upon returning to her home in Amsterdam, she pursued studies in dance, piano, religious instruction, and art.

THE FREE TEST
How high is yours?

Twenty questions, eight minutes on the clock, and a percentile measured against everyone who has taken it. No sign-up.

Take the IQ test →

Partnership and Business Operations

Following her marriage to Jacob Cornelis van Marken in 1869, Matthes became deeply involved in the administration of the Nederlandsche Gist & Spiritusfabriek NV. Because Dutch law required married women to have husbandly approval for business transactions, she acted on his behalf while maintaining her own office at the factory. In 1873, she founded a perfume factory called Maison Neuve, which utilized ethanol by-products from the yeast production facility to manufacture goods. She collaborated with the porcelain manufacturer De Koninklijke Porceleyne Fles to produce specialized perfume bottles.

Philanthropy and Labour Reform

Matthes and her husband prioritised personnel management and the well-being of their workforce. They implemented a wage system allowing employees to earn bonuses between two and 20 percent of their base salary for performance. This commitment to social welfare extended to housing, resulting in the development of Agnetapark, a project designed to provide high-quality living quarters for workers. The couple also assumed the care of three children born to van Marken and Maria Eringaard following Eringaard’s death in 1889.

Fast facts

Questions readers ask

What was Maison Neuve?

It was a perfume factory founded by Agneta Matthes in 1873 that repurposed ethanol by-products from the local yeast industry.

Why was Agnetapark built?

It was constructed as a residential community for workers, serving as a model for the development of garden cities.

Compare with the greats

Charles Dickens vs Pierre De FermatElon Musk vs Wolfgang Amadeus MozartBernhard Riemann vs ConfuciusJohann Sebastian Bach vs Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
See the IQ Rankings →All comparisons →

Child prodigies

Summer McintoshOlympic finalist at 14, world-record holder and triple Olympic…Laurent SimonsGraduated University at 11 — Belgian Prodigy with Electrical…Boris BeckerBoris BeckerWon Wimbledon at 17, the youngest men's Grand Slam champion everPriyanshi SomaniWon the Mental Calculation World Cup at age 11, beating adults…
Child prodigies →

Play & come back tomorrow

Daily Genius Challenge · Guess the genius
Russian chemist who arranged the elements into the periodic table and predicted ones not yet discovered.
Tap your answer ↓
Which Genius Are You? Free IQ Test