Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan
IQ 175His 'three principles' theory of generalized chemical properties, one of which, sulphur representative of combustion, wa
Akrit Jaswal
IQ 146An Indian adolescent who performed his first surgery at the age of 7.
Albrecht von Haller
IQ 175A Swiss anatomist, physiologist, naturalist, encyclopedist, bibliographer and poet who is often referred to as "the fath
Athanasius Kircher
IQ 190A German Jesuit scholar and polymath who published around 40 major works.
Avicenna
IQ 180A Medieval Persian polymath, physician and philosopher
Carl Linnaeus
IQ 180A Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalized binomial nomenclature, the modern system of nami
Christopher Wren
IQ 165An acclaimed English architect, as well as an anatomist, astronomer, geometer, and mathematician-physicist.
Edward Jenner
IQ 165An English physician and scientist who pioneered the concept of vaccines including creating the smallpox vaccine.
Elizabeth Blackwell
A British physician, notable as the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States.
Florence Nightingale
An English social reformer, statistician and the founder of modern nursing. She gave nursing a favourable reputation and
Frances Oldham Kelsey
A Canadian-born American pharmacologist and physician. Kelsey's career intersected with the passage of laws strengthenin
Francesco Redi
An Italian physician, naturalist, biologist and poet referred to as the founder of experimental biology, and as the fath
François Quesnay
IQ 165A French economist and physician who is one of the fathers of political economy.
Franz Mesmer
A doctor who theorised the existence of a natural energy transference occurring between all animated and inanimate objec
Galen
IQ 170A Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher in the Roman Empire.
Georg Ernst Stahl
IQ 170A German chemist, physician, and philosopher whose works helped to explain the chemical processess.
Herman Boerhaave
IQ 165Dutch botanist, chemist, humanist, and physician referred to as "the father of physiology".
Hermann von Helmholtz
IQ 195A German physicist and physician known for his mathematics of the eye, theories of vision, ideas on the visual perceptio
Hippocrates
IQ 175A Greek physician of Classical Greece, who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine
Howard Florey
An Australian pharmacologist and pathologist who shared the Nobel Prize for his role in the development of penicillin.
Jean-Paul Marat
IQ 170A French political theorist, physician, and scientist who was a journalist and politician during the French Revolution.
Jean Fernel
IQ 180A French physician who was the first person to describe the spinal canal.
Jan Baptist van Helmont
A chemist, physiologist, and physician who is considered as the founder of pneumatic chemistry.
John Dalton
Фn English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist best known for his research into colour blindness.
John Eccles (neurophysiologist)
An Australian neurophysiologist and philosopher who won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on t
John Hunter (surgeon)
IQ 160A Scottish surgeon, one of the most distinguished scientists and surgeons of his day.
Joseph Lister
IQ 165A British surgeon and a pioneer of antiseptic surgery.
Julien Offray de La Mettrie
IQ 170A French physician and philosopher, and one of the earliest of the French materialists of the Enlightenment
Lawrence Joseph Henderson
IQ 180A physiologist, chemist, biologist, philosopher, and sociologist who was one of the leading biochemists of the early 20t
Xavier Bichat
IQ 175French anatomist and pathologist, known as the father of modern histology
Maurice Hilleman
A leading American microbiologist who specialized in vaccinology and developed over 40 vaccines, an unparalleled record
Maimonides
IQ 17012th-century Sephardic Jewish rabbi & scholar who is considered to be the greatest Jewish scholar in the Second Milleniu
Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi
IQ 170A Persian polymath, physician, alchemist, philosopher, and important figure in the history of medicine.
Oswald Avery
Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment DNA transmits heredity
Paracelsus
IQ 175A Swiss physician, alchemist, lay theologian, and philosopher of the German Renaissance.
Philippe Pinel
A French physician, the precursor of psychiatry, and incidentally a zoologist considered to be the founder of modern ps
Paul Broca
A French physician, anatomist and anthropologist. He is best known for his research on Broca's area, a region of the fro
Robert Koch
IQ 155A German physician and microbiologist regarded as one of the main founders of modern bacteriology.
Roger Wolcott Sperry
Split-brain research and Chemoaffinity hypothesis
Rudolf Virchow
A German physician, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist, writer, editor, and politician known as "the f
Sigmund Freud
IQ 185Psychoanalysis, including the theories of id, ego and super-ego, oedipus complex, repression, defense mechanism
Susumu Tonegawa
A Japanese scientist who was the sole recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1987, for his discovery
Thomas Browne
IQ 175An English polymath and author of varied works which reveal his wide learning in diverse fields including science and me
Wilder Penfield
IQ 170An American-Canadian neurosurgeon whose works covered the fields of hallucinations, illusions, and déjà vu.
William Gilbert (physician)
IQ 185An English physician, physicist and natural philosopher.
William Harvey
IQ 180An English physician who made influential contributions in anatomy and physiology.
Theodor Schwann
IQ 182A German physician and physiologist who extended the cell theory to animals.