Polybius's Histories is important not only for being the only Hellenistic historical work to survive in any substantial form, but also for its analysis of constitutional change and the mixed constitution. Polybius's discussion of the separation of powers in government, of checks and balances to limit power, and his introduction of "the people", all influenced Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws, John Locke's Two Treatises of Government, and the framers of the United States Constitution.
Life and Career
Polybius was a close friend and mentor to the Roman politician and general Scipio Aemilianus (also called Scipio Africanus the Younger), and had a lasting influence on his decision-making and life.
Key Facts
- Born: January 1, 200 in Megalopolis, Arcadia
- Died: 118
Legacy and Impact
The influence of Polybius extends far beyond his own lifetime. He fundamentally shaped human knowledge and progress, and his achievements and contributions remain foundational to this day.
Though he passed away in 118, his ideas continue to be studied, debated, and built upon by scholars and practitioners worldwide.
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