Selected for NASA Astronaut Group 6 in 1967, Philip K. Chapman combined a background in physics with a professional commitment to commercial space development. The Australian-born engineer eventually became a United States citizen, dedicating his career to orbital mechanics, solar power satellite technology, and private enterprise initiatives within the aerospace sector.
Early Antarctic Research
Before his tenure at NASA, Chapman participated in the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions in 1958. Stationed at Mawson Station for 15 months, he served as an auroral and radio physicist. His duties included living at a remote base near the Taylor Glacier, where he conducted environmental observations and climbed the feature later designated as Chapman Ridge.
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At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Chapman worked in electro-optics and inertial systems before his 1967 NASA selection. He supported the Apollo 14 mission as a scientist-astronaut. In 1972, he resigned from the agency, expressing skepticism regarding the long-term focus on the Space Shuttle program. He transitioned to private sector roles, including a position at the Avco Everett Research Laboratory focusing on laser propulsion.
Commercial Space and Policy Advocacy
Chapman was a vocal advocate for commercial space utilization. During his time as president of the L5 Society, he led efforts against the ratification of the Moon Treaty. He later provided technical guidance to the Citizens' Advisory Council on National Space Policy, influencing the development of the Strategic Defense Initiative. His commercial work included leadership at Echo Canyon Software and serving as Chief Scientist for both Rotary Rocket and Transformational Space Corporation.
Space-Based Solar Power Advocacy
In his later career, Chapman focused on space-based solar power as a solution for global energy needs. He founded the Solar High Study Group in 2009 and frequently presented research on the feasibility of deploying solar energy technologies for terrestrial use. Additionally, he authored public commentary expressing concerns regarding the scientific consensus on global warming, suggesting the necessity of contingency planning for potential cooling periods.
Fast facts
- Born: 1935, Melbourne
- Died: 2021, Scottsdale
- Education: University of Sydney, MIT
- NASA Group: 6 (1967)
- Polar Medal recipient
- Citizenship: United States, Australia
Questions readers ask
Why did Philip K. Chapman leave NASA?
He resigned in 1972, largely due to his disagreement with the decision to develop the Space Shuttle, which he believed forced a choice between pilot and scientist competency.
What was his role in the Moon Treaty debate?
As president of the L5 Society, he led a successful campaign to prevent the US Senate from ratifying the treaty, which would have prohibited commercial activities on the Moon.
Achievements
- Affiliated with National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Educated at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Sydney and Parramatta High School
- Worked as astronaut and engineer
