A 24 horsepower Antoinette engine propelled the first manned rotary wing aircraft to lift off the ground under its own power on 13 November 1907. Piloted by French engineer Paul Cornu, the machine rose approximately 30 centimeters in Normandy, remaining airborne for 20 seconds without any external support or stabilization from men on the ground.
Early Background and Technical Interests
Born in 1881 in Glos-la-Ferrière, France, Paul Cornu was one of thirteen children. During his youth, he provided assistance to his father, who operated a transport company. Outside of these professional duties, he focused his technical efforts on engineering and manufacturing, most notably in the bicycle industry. This trade served as his primary means of income throughout his life.
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Cornu approached aerospace engineering by first constructing an unmanned experimental craft equipped with a 2 hp Buchet engine. Following this initial trial, he designed the manned helicopter that secured his place in aviation history. Unlike the Breguet-Richet Gyroplane I, which required ground personnel to maintain its position during flight attempts, Cornu’s construction operated independently of external support. Despite this advancement, the aircraft exhibited limited maneuverability, leading to a restricted number of subsequent flights.
Military Conflict and Final Years
The operational life of this aviation pioneer ended during the Second World War. On 6 June 1944, at the age of 62, Cornu died in Lisieux, France, following the destruction of his home during Allied bombing campaigns associated with the Normandy landings. His remains were interred at the Lisieux communal cemetery.
Fast facts
- Born: 1881, Glos-la-Ferrière
- Died: 6 June 1944, Lisieux
- Nationality: French
- Primary Occupations: engineer, aircraft pilot, aerospace engineer
- Historical Achievement: First successful manned rotary wing flight
- Flight Date: 13 November 1907
- Helicopter Engine: 24 horsepower Antoinette engine
- Burial Site: Lisieux communal cemetery
Questions readers ask
What engine powered Cornu's helicopter?
His manned rotary wing aircraft used a 24 horsepower (18 kW) Antoinette engine.
How long did Cornu stay airborne?
During his flight on 13 November 1907, he remained in the air for 20 seconds at an altitude of approximately 30 centimeters.
Achievements
- Worked as engineer, aerospace engineer and aircraft pilot
