The publication of King Solomon’s Mines in 1885 established H. Rider Haggard as a foundational figure in the lost world literary genre. A prolific writer of adventure fiction, he crafted expansive narratives set across the African continent that achieved immense global popularity, ultimately influencing the trajectory of early twentieth-century fantasy and prose writing.
Early Life and Education
Born in 1856 at Bradenham, Henry Rider Haggard was one of ten children born to a barrister and an author. While his brothers pursued traditional private educations, Haggard attended Ipswich School. After failing his army entrance examination, he moved to London to prepare for a career in the British Foreign Office, a path he did not ultimately pursue.
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In 1875, Haggard moved to the Colony of Natal to serve as assistant to the secretary for Sir Henry Bulwer. By 1877, he was working under Sir Theophilus Shepstone in the Transvaal. During his tenure, he played a direct role in the British annexation of the Boer Republic, famously reading the official proclamation aloud after the assigned official lost his voice.
Literary Breakthroughs
Upon returning to England in 1882, Haggard was called to the bar in 1884. He increasingly prioritized his writing over legal practice. His major success came with the 1885 release of King Solomon’s Mines, which he authored while residing at 69 Gunterstone Road in Hammersmith. He followed this success with other notable works, including She: A History of Adventure, Nada the Lily, and Eric Brighteyes.
Public Service and Recognition
Beyond his literary output, Haggard engaged with land reform and agricultural policy across the British Empire. His contributions to literature and public life were recognized through his appointment as a Knight Bachelor and later as a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire. He spent his final years in London, where he died in 1925.
Fast facts
- Born: 1856, Bradenham
- Died: 1925, London
- Education: Ipswich School
- Notable Works: King Solomon’s Mines, She: A History of Adventure
- Career: Novelist, screenwriter, prose writer
- Honours: Knight Bachelor, KBE
Questions readers ask
Which literary genre did Haggard help define?
He is considered a pioneer of the lost world literary genre.
Where is H. Rider Haggard buried?
He is buried at the Church of St Mary in Ditchingham.
Achievements
- Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire
- Knight Bachelor
- Notable work: King Solomon's Mines
- Notable work: She: A History of Adventure
- Genres: fantasy, adventure fiction and historical fiction