The British Library in London stands as the defining professional achievement of Colin St John Wilson, a structure he famously dubbed his 30-year war. Born in Cheltenham in 1922, the architect and author navigated complex political landscapes and fiscal challenges to complete the massive project in 1997, leaving an enduring mark on the city's architectural identity.
Early Development and Academic Roots
Wilson, the son of a clergyman, attended Felsted School before studying history and architecture at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, starting in 1940. His education was interrupted by service as a lieutenant in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve during the Second World War. After demobilisation in 1946, he completed his architectural training at the Bartlett School of Architecture under Sir Albert Richardson.
Twenty questions, eight minutes on the clock, and a percentile measured against everyone who has taken it. No sign-up.
Take the IQ test →Professional Formation and Teaching
Between 1950 and 1955, Wilson worked for the London County Council, contributing to projects such as the Bentham Road Estate. A pivotal shift in his perspective occurred through his association with the Independent Group and his introduction to Finnish architect Alvar Aalto. He became a lecturer at the University of Cambridge in 1956 and later held the title of Professor of Architecture there from 1975 until 1989.
The British Library and Institutional Work
Co-designed with his partner MJ Long, the British Library project spanned decades, beginning in 1962 and concluding in 1997. The building reflects a synthesis of Cambridge collegiate design and Victorian influences, notably referencing Aalto’s work in its brickwork and spatial layout. Beyond this, Wilson was involved in projects like the Pallant House Gallery extension, which received the 2007 Gulbenkian Prize.
Artistic Legacy and Recognition
Wilson was also a collector who donated over 400 works of art to the Pallant House Gallery. His scholarly contributions include Architectural Reflections and The Other Tradition of Modern Architecture. He served as a trustee for both the Tate and the National Gallery and received a knighthood in 1998 for his contributions to the field. He died in 2007 and was buried at Highgate Cemetery.
Fast facts
- Born: 1922, Cheltenham
- Died: 2007
- Education: Corpus Christi College; University College London
- Knighted: 1998
- Partner: MJ Long
- Burial site: Highgate Cemetery
- Major work: British Library
- Academic role: Professor of Architecture, University of Cambridge
Questions readers ask
What was Wilson's contribution to the British Library?
He co-designed the building with MJ Long, overseeing its development from 1962 until its completion in 1997.
Which academic roles did Wilson hold?
He was a lecturer at Cambridge starting in 1956, a Professor of Architecture from 1975 to 1989, and a visiting professor at both Yale and MIT.
Achievements
- Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects
- Knight Bachelor
- Commander of the Order of the Lion of Finland
- Trained at Corpus Christi College and University College London
