Clifford Milburn Holland

American civil engineer

Clifford Milburn Holland practised at a period when the terms of architecture itself were under argument.

The record lists Clifford Milburn Holland as American civil engineer.

Clifford Milburn Holland was born at Somerset in 1883. His recorded nationality is United States. He trained at Harvard University and Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

Modernism rejected ornament and historical style, arguing that a building should express its structure and its function - a claim contested ever since.

He is recorded as civil engineer, engineer and architect.

Buildings outlast their architects and usually their purposes, which is what makes the discipline unforgiving.

That the work was built in United States shaped it: climate, materials, planning law and who holds the budget all decide what can actually be built.

Clifford Milburn Holland died in 1924, aged 41. The buildings remain, still in use by people who never knew the name - which is the particular afterlife architecture offers.

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