Charles Robert Cockerell emerged from a seven-year Grand Tour as a central figure in British architectural and archaeological circles. Beginning in 1810, his extended journey through Greece and Italy allowed him to document ancient ruins with unprecedented precision. These findings influenced his subsequent practice, establishing his reputation as a primary authority on classical design in the nineteenth century.
Early Training and Education
Born in London in 1788 to Samuel Pepys Cockerell, he attended Westminster School starting in 1802. He received practical instruction in his father's architectural office before becoming an assistant to Robert Smirke between 1809 and 1810. During this period, he contributed to the rebuilding of the Covent Garden Theatre, gaining experience in large-scale London projects before embarking on his international studies.
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During his travels, Cockerell participated in the removal of sculptures from the Temple of Aphaia on Aegina in 1811 and the Bassae frieze in 1812. These activities, conducted alongside John Foster, were significant archaeological interventions that brought classical artifacts to Western collections. In 1814, he identified the architectural principle of entasis while analyzing the Parthenon columns, a discovery he shared through detailed sketches sent back to London.
Professional Practice and Recognition
After returning to London in 1817, Cockerell established a successful career. He served as the Surveyor of the Fabric of St Paul's Cathedral from 1819 to 1852 and held the position of Professor of Architecture at the Royal Academy of Arts from 1839 to 1859. His notable architectural works include the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford and the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge. In 1848, he became the inaugural recipient of the Royal Gold Medal, and he later served as President of the Royal Institute of British Architects from 1860 to 1861.
Fast facts
- Born: 1788, London
- Died: 1863, London
- Education: Westminster School
- Notable Works: Ashmolean Museum, Fitzwilliam Museum
- Surveyor of the Fabric of St Paul's Cathedral: 1819-1852
- Royal Gold Medal Recipient: 1848
- President of the Royal Institute of British Architects: 1860-1861
- Occupations: Architect, archaeologist, art historian, anthropologist
Questions readers ask
What significant archaeological finds are attributed to Cockerell?
He was instrumental in the 1811 removal of pedimental sculptures from the Temple of Aphaia and the 1812 excavation of the Bassae frieze.
What academic and professional roles did he hold?
He served as Professor of Architecture at the Royal Academy of Arts, Surveyor of the Fabric of St Paul's Cathedral, and President of the Royal Institute of British Architects.
Achievements
- Notable work: Ashmolean Museum
- Notable work: Fitzwilliam Museum
- Educated at Westminster School
- Worked as anthropologist, architect and art historian
