The first post-imperial head of state of Ethiopia, Aman Andom, assumed authority in September 1974 following the coup d'état that removed Emperor Haile Selassie from power. A lieutenant general and veteran of multiple international military engagements, he served as the inaugural chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council, known as the Derg, for a turbulent two-month tenure.
Military Career and Training
Educated at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, Andom built a professional reputation through service in both the Korean War and the Congo Crisis. By 1962, he reached the rank of major general. He earned the nickname Desert Lion following a notable battle against Somali forces during the 1964 border conflict in the Ogaden region.
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Andom maintained early contacts with military junta members by early 1974, eventually becoming their chief of staff in July. When the Derg deposed Emperor Haile Selassie on 12 September 1974, they installed Andom as chairman and head of state. During this period, the regime designated Crown Prince Asfaw Wossen as king-designate, though this title was never recognized by the prince.
Internal Conflicts and Political Friction
Andom clashed with the majority of the Derg membership regarding the administration of the ruling body. He advocated for a smaller organization, whereas his colleagues favored a larger council. He also openly opposed the execution of former imperial officials and aristocrats held in custody, creating a widening rift with hardline members like Mengistu Haile Mariam. His moderate stance on the Eritrean Liberation Front, which favored negotiation over military escalation, further isolated him from the junta's leadership.
Fall and Assassination
The relationship between Andom and the Derg deteriorated after he sent messages to various military units criticizing the council. Following a failed effort to maintain control, he resigned his posts and retired to his home. On 23 November 1974, government forces attacked his residence to arrest him. Andom died during the resulting shootout. That same night, the Derg executed the political prisoners he had previously shielded.
Fast facts
- Born: 1924, Tsazega
- Died: 23 November 1974, Addis Ababa
- Education: Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
- Military Rank: Lieutenant general
- Position: Chairman of the Derg
- Term: 1974
Questions readers ask
Why was Aman Andom removed from power?
He disagreed with the majority of the Derg regarding the execution of former imperial officials and the military strategy used against the Eritrean Liberation Front.
How did Aman Andom die?
He was killed during a shootout in his home on 23 November 1974 when troops arrived to arrest him.
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