Ronald Fisher: Biografía, Logros y Legado Duradero

Fisher founded quantitative genetics, and, together with J. B. S. Haldane and Sewall Wright, is known as one of the three principal founders of population genetics. Fisher outlined Fisher's principle, the Fisherian runaway, the sexy son hypothesis theories of sexual selection, parental investment, and also pioneered linkage analysis and gene mapping. On the other hand, as the founder of modern statistics, Fisher made countless contributions, including creating the modern method of maximum likelihood and deriving the properties of maximum likelihood estimators, fiducial inference, the derivation of various sampling distributions, founding the principles of the design of experiments, and much more. Fisher's famous 1921 paper alone has been described as "arguably the most influential article" on mathematical statistics in the twentieth century, and equivalent to "Darwin on evolutionary biology, Gauss on number theory, Kolmogorov on probability, and Adam Smith on economics", and is credited with completely revolutionizing statistics. For his influence and numerous fundamental contributions, he has been described as "the most original evolutionary biologist of the twentieth century" and as "the greatest statistician of all time". His work is further credited with later initiating the Human Genome Project. Fisher also contributed to the understanding of human blood groups.

Fisher has also been praised as a pioneer of the Information Age. His work on a mathematical theory of information ran parallel to the work of Claude Shannon and Norbert Wiener, though based on statistical theory. A concept to have come out of his work is that of Fisher information. He also had ideas about social sciences, which have been described as a "foundation for evolutionary social sciences".

Fisher held strong views on race and eugenics, insisting on racial differences, although there is debate as to whether Fisher supported scientific racism (see § Views on race). He was the Galton Professor of Eugenics at University College London and editor of the Annals of Eugenics. Due to Fisher's association with eugenics, a number of institutions – including his alma mater Gonville and Caius College and his former employer University College London – have removed commemorations of their links to him.