Frances Cress Welsing belongs to the medical record as a figure whose work changed what could be treated.
The record lists Frances Cress Welsing as American psychiatrist (1935-2016).
Frances Cress Welsing was born at Chicago in 1935. Her recorded nationality is United States. She trained at Antioch University and Howard University.
Antibiotics, imaging and the randomised trial defined twentieth-century medicine; evidence replaced authority as the standard.
Medicine advances against a moving target, and its successes are counted in lives rather than papers.
That the work was done from United States matters: hospitals, training and research funding are unevenly distributed, and they decide which questions can be asked.
Frances Cress Welsing died in 2016, aged 81. What survives is the change in practice, which is how a medical life is actually measured.
